Lingüística Contrastiva

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Lingüística Contrastiva UNIDAD 4 Lingüística Contrastiva

Las Oraciones Simples La oración simple, es la que tiene un solo predicado (RAE) Se necesita un sujeto y un verbo. A sentence is a unit of language consisting of one or more finite clauses. If a sentence contains just one clause, it is described as simple. (Oxford) A clause is a group of words which acts as a single unit and is built round a verb.

Gabrielle vendrá a la casa Sujeto predicado Gabrielle will come to the house Sujeto Predicado

Las Oraciones Compuestas ESPAÑOL INGLÉS Cuando la oración consta de dos sujetos o más. La oración compuesta es la que está formada por dos o más oraciones simples enlazadas gramaticalmente (RAE). Compound and complex sentences contain two or more clauses.

Adam is from New Jersey, but he lives in Tahiti. Matt compró albahaca y María compró el ron. En el ejemplo aparecen dos sujetos; Matt y María y el verbo comprar dos veces. Adam is from New Jersey, but he lives in Tahiti. The two clauses are separated by a coordinating conjunction «but» «y» In both languages this sentences work syntactically the same way.

Surfing is a sport that I have practiced for years Surfing is a sport that I have practiced for years. La oración principal es surfing is a sport y la oración subordinada es that I have practiced for years. «That» es el indicador de esta oración subordinada. El surfing es un deporte que he practicado durante años. Al igual que en Inglés «El surfing es un deporte» es la oración principal o simple y la oración subordinada va seguida por «que»

FRASES/ PHRASES Las frases se pueden distinguir porque a diferencia de las oraciones, el verbo está ausente en ellas. Phrases have no verb working in their structure.

Adjective Phrases They contain an adjective which may follow one or more verbs It was not very old Adverb Adverb Adjective Adjective Phrase It was really quiet glamorous Adverb Adverb Adjective

Frases Adjetivas Hacen la función de un adjetivo La playa que no tiene basura está cerca.

Adverbial Phrases They are groups of words that describe a verb/ adjective. Think of the functions; why, where, how,etc. The boy from the shop is waiting at the corner. where? with enthusiasm how? at midday when? because of traffic why?

Frases adverbiales Es un complemento de modo, tiempo,lugar, etc. Mi tío nadó muy rápidamente modo Mi hermano llegó muy tarde tiempo

Noun phrases A noun phrase has a noun as its head Noun phrases A noun phrase has a noun as its head. The modifiers may be: Determiners She carried the surfboards Possessives She brought Evan’s surfboard Prepositionals The beach over there Clauses The beach we went to

Traducción del inglés al español de google Part One of the book “On the Road”       I first met Dean not long after my wife and I split up. I had just gotten over a serious illness that I won't bother to talk about, except that it had something to do with the miserably weary split-up and my feeling that everything was dead. Traducción del inglés al español de google Conocí a Dean no mucho después de mi esposa y yo nos separamos. Yo había conseguido un poco más de una enfermedad grave que no se molestarán en hablar, excepto que tenía algo que ver con el miserablemente á mi división y la sensación de que todo estaba muerto. Traducción por Astrid Fonseca Conocí a Dean por primera vez no mucho después de que mi esposa y yo nos separaramos. Acababa de sobrepasar un seria enfermedad de la que no me molestaré en hablar, excepto que tuvo que ver con mi exhaustiva separación y ese sentimiento mío de que todo estaba muerto. Por primera vez es una frase preposicional que se omite en la traducción de google. Over a serious illness funciona como frase preposicional y nominal en Inglés en esa oración pero al ser traducida pasa a ser un verbo «sobrepasar» After my wife and I split up no es una frase preposicional por que va seguida por un verbo.

Example of Infinitive Phrases and Prepositional Phrases To play the saxophone well, you need to practice eight hours a day. What kind of phrase/s does this sentence contain? What kind of sentence is this? Nora’s determination to win at any cost ruined the game. What kind of phrase/s does this sentence contain? What kind of sentence is this?

Información tomada de mis apuntes de morfosintáxis en Ingles, materia impartida por Tirzza Tanahara. Así como apuntes de Morfosintáxis Española, materia impartida por Magdalena Calderón. Real Academia Española. www.rae.es Oxford Dictionaries www.oxforddictionaries.com Kerouac, Jack.(2008).On the Road.Penguin books: New York. Astrid Fonseca