Capítulo 2 La familia.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Capítulo 2 La familia

Los números Treinta Treinta y uno Cuarenta Treinta y dos Cincuenta Treinta y tres Sesenta Treinta y cuatro Setenta Treinta y cinco Ochenta Treinta y seis Noventa Treinta y siete Cien (Ciento) Treinta y ocho Treinta y nueve

La edad La edad Usamos el verbo tener para expresar edad. Por ejemplo: ¿Cuántos años tienes? Yo tengo cincuenta años. ¿Cuántos años tiene tu papá? Mi papá tiene setenta años.

La edad La conjugación de tener es: Yo tengo Nosotros(as) tenemos Tú tienes Él , ella, Ud. tiene Ellos, Ellas, Uds. tienen

Los adjetivos Los adjetivos concuerdan con género y número con el sustantivo. Por ejemplo: El chico perezoso Los chicos perezosos La chica perezosa Las chicas perezosas Los adjetivos que terminan con –o, tienen cuatro formas (masc, fem, sing, plural) como los que están arriba. Los adjectivos que terminan con–e, tienen nada más que dos formas (sing and plural).

Los adjetivos (cont.) In the first slide, we showed how an adjective can follow directly after a noun to modify it. Just like in English we can also join a noun and adjective with the verb to be. Yo soy arrogante. I am arrogant. Nosotros somos listos. We’re smart.

Expressing to be Present Tense of ser 5 Expressing to be Present Tense of ser ser (to be) yo soy nosotros/as somos tú eres vosotros/as sois Ud. Uds. él es ellos son ella ellas Yo soy estudiante. Alicia y yo somos amigas. La doctora Ramos es profesora. Es un libro de texto.

Positioning of adjectives Most adjectives follow a noun in Spanish, because they are distinguishing it from another noun. Some adjectives do not distinguish a noun from another noun and, thus, will come in front: Los artículos definidos (el, la, los, las) Los artículos indefinidos (un, una, unos, unas) Los adjetivos demostrativos (este, esta, estos, estas) Los adjetivos posesivos (mi, tu, su, nuestro, etc)

Positioning (cont.) Ejemplos: El estudiante simpático es de México. Unas chicas listas estudian mucho. Estos escritorios azules son viejos. Nuestra calle vieja está en los suburbios.

Positioning (cont.) Other adjetives that can precede the noun: Bueno: Las buenas estudiantes vs. Las estudiantes buenas. Malo: Los malos chicos vs. Los chicos malos. Grande: La gran ciudad vs. La ciudad grande.

Los adjetivos demonstrativos Singular Plural Masculino Este Estos Feminino Esta Estas Esto is the neuter form. It is used for: When you don’t know if something is masculine or feminine: ¿Qué es esto? What is this? To speak about a general concept: ¡Esto es increíble! This is incredible!

Las nacionalidades p. 70 Notes: Remember that adjectives that end with an –o, have four forms (masc, fem, sing, plural). This will also apply for those that en with an –és. Adjectives that end with an –e, have two forms (sing, plural)

Los usos de ser (DOG DIP) Descripción: Mi madre es loca. Origen: ¿Tú eres de Venezuela? Generalización: Es increíble estudiar español. Destinación: La rosa es para mi esposa. Identificación: Yo soy guapo. Posesión: El perro es de Juan. Other ways to remember: GOOD IP (or viceversa), GOP DID it!

Porque vs. para p. 75 Notes: Porque: always followed by a conjugated verb. Para: always followed by an infinitive verb.

Los adetivos posesivos átonas We´ve learned how to use ser to show ownership: El carro es de mi hermano. Now, we will learn how to use adjetives for ownership: Su carro es rojo. Mi casa es grande.

Los adj. pos. (chart) De mí Mi libro. Mi mesa. Mis libros Mis mesas. De ti Tu libro. Tu mesa. Tus libros Tus mesas. De él, de ella, de Ud. Su libro. Su mesa. Sus libros Sus mesas. De nosotros Nuestro libro. Nuestra mesa. Nuestros libros Nuestras mesas. De ellos, de ellas, de Uds.

Los adj. pos. (notes) Notice: That for all of the possessive adjectives other than nuestro, there are only two forms. That su, sus can be translated as his, her, your, their (masc), their (fem.), y’all’s, etc. Therefore, it is important to use ser to show possession unless it is already understood to whom you’re refering.

Los verbos de –er/-ir In Spanish, there are three types of verbs: those that end with –ar, -er and –ir. Usually, there is one set of endings for –ar verbs and another set for –er/-ir verbs. Note: -er and –ir verbs differ in the nosotros form in the present tense. In chapter 1, we learned the present tense endings for –ar verb conjugations. Now, we will learn the present tense endings for –er/-ir verb conjugations.

Los verbos –er/-ir Estudiar Leer Escribir Yo Estudio Leo Escribo Tú Estudias Lees Escribes Él, ella, Ud. Estudia Lee Escribe Nosotros Estudiamos Leemos Escribimos Vosotros Estudiáis Leéis Vivís Ellos, ellas, Uds. Estudian Leen Escriben

Nota comunicativa: frecuencia Words that show frequence: Todos los días, todas las semanas, todos los meses, cada día, cada semana, cada mes Siempre, todo el tiempo Con frecuencia, frecuentemente A veces, muchas veces Una vez a la semana (al día, al mes, al año…) Casi nunca, nunca Los lunes, los martes, los sábados, los domingos…