Lipidos.

Presentación del tema: "Lipidos."— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 Lipidos

2 Los lípidos son compuestos solubles en solventes
no polares y tienen una gran variedad de estructuras y funciones

3 Fatty Acids Are Carboxylic Acid with Hydrocarbon Chains

4 Triacilgliceridos Un triacilglicerido glycerol Ácido graso
Una grasa o un aceite glycerol Ácido graso

5 Grasas son triacilgliceridos de estado sólido o semisólido
a temperatura ambiente

6 Los aceites a temperatura ambiente son líquidos

7 Oxidation of Polyunsaturated Fats and Oils by O2

8 Fosfoacilgliceroles Son los componentes mayoritaros de las membranas
celulares El grupo OH terminal del glicerol es esterificado con acido fosfórico

9 Fosfoacilgliceroles son clasificados como fosfolípidos

10 Phosphoacylglycerols form membranes by arranging
themselves into a lipid bilayer Saturated fatty acids decrease membrane fluidity because their hydrocarbon chains can pack closely together Unsaturated fatty acids have the opposite effect

11 Esfingolípidos Ellos contienen esfingosina en vez de glicerol
Se encuentran en membranas

12 Prostaglandinas Prostaglandins are synthesized from arachidonic acid
They are responsible for regulating a variety of physiological responses Name in the format PGX, with X designating the functional groups of the five-membered ring Esqueleto de prostaglandina

13 Naming Prostaglandins
PGE1 PGE2 PGF2n

14

15 Terpenes Terpenes contain carbon atoms in multiples of five
They are made by joining together 5-carbon isoprene units Oxygen-containing terpenes are sometimes called terpenoids

16 The Isoprene Rule

17

18

19 Squalene, a triterpene, is a precursor of steroid
molecules

20 Lycopene and b-carotene are tetraterpenes called
carotenoids

21

22 Cholesterol Is a Steroid