Ser y Estar-- How we say “to be” in Spanish. Ser y Estar We have already learned that there are two “to be” verbs in Spanish: SERTO BEESTARTO BE Yo soyNosotros.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Ser y Estar-- How we say “to be” in Spanish

Ser y Estar We have already learned that there are two “to be” verbs in Spanish: SERTO BEESTARTO BE Yo soyNosotros somosYo estoyNosotros estamos Tú eresVosotros soisTú estásVosotros estáis Él es Ella es Usted es Ellos son Ellas son Ustedes son Él está Ella está Usted está Ellos están Ellas están Ustedes están Both mean TO BE Different uses

When to use “Ser” & “Estar”-- General Rule Ser: Permanent or Lasting Attributes. Ella es mi hermana. Soy de Tennessee. La oficina está cerca del banco. ¿Cómo estás? Estoy bién. Estar: Temporary states and locations

We need to get more specific on exactly when to use Ser and when to use Estar. To help understand each specific case, we use the acronyms. DOCTOR--Ser PLACE--Estar

escription ccupation haracteristics ime rigen elationships DOCTORDOCTOR SER PLACEPLACE ESTAR osition ocation ction ondition motion

Ser: Description Essential qualities that define a person, animal or materials. What you would say if someone asked “What’s he / she / it like?” Ella es Paula. (She is Paula.) Ella es baja. (She is short.) Los perros son grandes. (The dogs are big.) El suéter es azul. (The sweater is blue.)

Ser: Occupation Occupations (even a student) are seen as life- long in Spanish and therefore seen as more “permanent” than we would think in the U.S. Ellos son estudiantes. (They are students.) Mi padre es maestro. (My father is a teacher.) Ella es doctora. (She is a doctor.) When we talk about a career in Spanish, we OMIT the indefinite article (a, an): un, una, unos, unas. Él es doctór. Ella es ingeniera. HOWEVER, we ADD the article when we add an adjective to describe how the person performs in the career. Él es un doctór de primera categoría. Ella es una ingeniera exitosa.

Ser: Characteristics Personality descriptions of a person. Similar to description. Probably the 2 nd thing you would say when asked: “What’s he like?”. Anabel es inteligente, bonita y amable. (Anabel is intelligent, pretty and nice.) Mi esposo es cariñoso. (My husband is caring.)

Ser: Time Days, dates, hours. Events. Es el quince de noviembre de (It is November 15, 2014). Son las dos y media. (It is 2:30.) Es la una y cuarto. (It is 1:15.) La fiesta es en el club. Es el sábado. (The party is in the club. It is Saturday.)

Ser: Origen The place a person is from or the material that something is made from. Señor Poore es de Maryland. (Señor Poore is from Maryland.) Adela es mexicana. (Adela es Mexican.) Mi anillo es de oro. (My ring is gold.)

Ser: Relationships Relationships. AND Who owns something (Relationship to that person). Marcos es mi novio. (Marcos is my boyfriend.) Tania Zumbado es la esposa del Señor Poore. (Tania Zumbado is Señor Poore’s wife.) Son mis carros. (They are my cars.)

Estar: Position The physical position or posture of a person, or the physical position of a thing. Yo estoy de pie. (I am standing.) Mi abuela está sentada. (My grandmother is sitting.) Los libros están debajo de la mesa. (The books are below the table.)

Estar: Location The location of someone or something describing where it is permanently, temporarily, actually or conceptually. El baño está a la par del dormitorio. (The bathroom is next to the bedroom.) Madrid está en España. (Madrid is in Spain.) Estamos en el café ahora. En veinte minutos vamos a estar en el cine. (We are in the café now. In 20 minutes we will be in the movie theater.)

Estar: Action Estar is used to describe an ongoing action using the present progressive tense. It is how we talk in English about something we are doing right now. Estoy caminando. (I am walking.) Mi madre está hablando. (My mother is talking.) WE WILL LEARN ABOUT THIS LATER!

Estar: Condition Physical and mental conditions. Estamos cansados hoy. (We are tired today.) Mi hijo está enfermo. (My son is sick.) Mi profesor está un poco loco. (My teacher is (acting) a little crazy.)

Estar: Emotion How a person is feeling at a certain moment. Emotions can change! Estoy triste. (I am sad.) Ellos están contentos porque van a ir de compras. (They are happy because they are going shopping.) Estamos nerviosos porque tenemos un examen esta tarde. (We are nervous because we have an exam this afternoon.)

The general rule again…in a rhyme: FEEL AND WHERE YOU ARE ESTAR HOW YOU FEEL AND WHERE YOU ARE ALWAYS USE THE VERB ESTAR!!! WHO ARE YOU? ARE YOU FROM THERE? THAT’S WHEN YOU USE THE VERB SER!!!

Práctica-- con los white boards

I am from Guatemala. Yo soy de Guatemala. Origen

Práctica-- con los white boards He is short. Él es bajo. Desription

Práctica-- con los white boards He is happy. Él está contento. Él está feliz. Emotion

Práctica-- con los white boards Franklin is in Tennessee. Franklin está en Tennessee. Location

Práctica-- con los white boards María is our sister. María es nuestra hermana. Relationships

Práctica-- con los white boards She is tall. Ella es alta. Description.

Práctica-- con los white boards The doors are closed. Las puertas están cerradas. Condition

Práctica-- con los white boards Es Sábado. It is Saturday. Time

Práctica-- con los white boards The book is on the table (en la mesa). El libro está en la mesa. Position

Práctica-- con los white boards She is a dentist. Ella es dentista. Occupation

Práctica-- con los white boards She is a good dentist. Ella es una dentista buena. Occupation with adjective.

Práctica-- con los white boards My shirt is cotton (algodón). Mi camisa es de algodón. Origen

Práctica-- con los white boards Paula is here with her brothers. Paula está aquí con sus hermanos. Location

Práctica-- con los white boards The room (cuarto) is big. El cuarto es grande. Description

Práctica-- con los white boards The room is dirty (sucio). El cuarto está sucio. Condition

Práctica-- con los white boards Olivia is a happy person! Olivia es una persona feliz. Olivia es feliz. Characteristic

Práctica-- con los white boards Olivia is happy! Olivia está feliz. Emotion