Page 258 Realidades 1 The verbs SER and ESTAR.

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1 Page 258 Realidades 1 The verbs SER and ESTAR

2 SER VS. ESTAR You already know the verb ESTAR. It means “to be.”
You also already know the verb SER. It also means “to be.” Both verbs are irregular and you should have already memorized their conjugations.

3 ESTAR Yo estoy Tú estás Ud. Él está Ella Nosotros estamos Uds.
Ellos están Ellas

4 SER Yo soy Tú eres Ud. Él es Ella Nosotros somos Uds. Ellos son Ellas

5 SER VS. ESTAR There are certain occasions in which you will use either SER or ESTAR. Let’s review ESTAR first!

6 ESTAR Used for telling LOCATION (of people, places and things).
For example:

7 ESTAR El libro está en la mesa. The book is on the table.
Yo estoy en Guatemala. I am in Guatemala. La Habra está en California. La Habra is in California.

8 ESTAR Used to tell CONDITION . For example:

9 ESTAR Eduardo está ocupado. Eduardo is busy.
Ana y Luisa están enfermas. Ana and Luisa are sick.

10 ESTAR Used to describe EMOTIONS. For example:

11 ESTAR Marta está triste. Marta is sad. Juan y Pedro están contentos.
Juan and Pedro are happy.

12 Ok, now let’s see when we use
the verb SER.

13 SER Used to tell TIME and DATE. Son las dos y media. It is two thirty.
Es el veinte de noviembre. It is the twentieth of November.

14 SER Used to tell NATIONALITY. For example: Yo soy americana.
I am American. Él es puertorriqueño. He is Puerto Rican.

15 SER Used to tell WHERE SOMEONE OR SOMETHING IS FROM.
Tú eres de Nicaragua. You are from Nicaragua. Ellas son de Nueva York. They are from New York.

16 SER Used to connect a noun or pronoun to another noun or pronoun (identity). Eduardo es un hombre. Eduardo is a man. (Eduardo hombre) Coquí y Sultán son gatos. Coquí and Sultán are cats. (Coquí and Sultán gatos)

17 SER Used to describe CHARACTERISTICS Rebeca es alta. Rebeca is tall.
(what someone or something is like) Rebeca es alta. Rebeca is tall. Enrique y yo somos guapos. Enrique and I are good-looking. El coche es pequeño y rojo. The car is small and red.

18 SER You CANNOT use “un or una” with SER when describing someone’s profession. Yo soy profesora. Tú eres estudiante.

19 SER VS. ESTAR There are other uses for ser and estar and you will need to know them as you continue your studies in Spanish. Memorize these acronyms to help you.

20 SER = DO IT D = Description (Soy deportista.)
& Date (Es el 25 de febrero) O = Origin (Ella es de Madrid.) I = Identity (La Sra. López es profesora.) (Yo soy Marta.) Ella es mexicana. T = Time (Es la una.) (Son las tres y media de la tarde.)

21 ESTAR = HELP H = Health (Estoy enfermo.)
E = Emotions (Nosotros estamos tristes.) L = Location (Madrid está en España.) P = Present progressive tense ( You will learn this verb tense in Section 6B.)