Quasimodo: PRACTICE YOUR MEMORY VERSE! “Yo soy el Alfa y la Omega, principio y fin, dice el Señor, el que es y que era y que ha de venir, el Todopoderoso.” Apocalipsis 1 versículo 8

Present Perfect Examples in English: This is made up of: I have eaten many hamburgers. They have played basketball before. We have read that book. This is made up of: “have/has” + past participle

Past Participles Check out StudySpanish.com for more explanation as needed.

Past participles: Examples: Jumped, talked, read To form these, drop the infinitive ending and add: -ado (for –ar verbs) -ido (for –er/-ir verbs) Examples: (Do the examples in your notes on your own) Comer: com(-er)+ido = comido Vivir: viv(-ir)+ido = vivido Hablar: habl(-ar)+ado = hablado

Irregular past participles: Abrir: abierto (open) Cubrir: cubierto (covered) Decir: dicho (said/told) Escribir: escrito (written) Freír: frito (fried) Hacer: hecho (done/made) Morir: muerto (died/dead) Poner: puesto (placed/put) Resolver: resuelto (resolved) Romper: roto (broken) Ver: visto (seen) Volver: vuelto (returned)

Other irregularities: Verbs that end with -er or -ir with roots that end in a vowel need an added accent on the “i” of the past participle ending. Examples: Creer: creído Oír: oído NOTE: verbs ending in -uir are exceptions to this rule. (huir, construir, etc.)

When do we use past participles? We’ve already used some of these as adjectives in the past. When you use them as adjectives you must be sure to match gender and number with the word described. Example: The door is open.  La puerta está abierta. These will also be used with the perfect tenses. They have studied.  Ellos han estudiado.

Present Perfect Check out StudySpanish.com for more explanation as needed.

The perfect tenses The perfect tenses are formed the verb “has” or “have” with the past participle. The verb used for this tense in Spanish is “haber.” English examples: I have eaten. (present perfect) They have studied. (present perfect) We had jumped. (past perfect) They will have written. (future perfect)

[present tense conjugation of haber] + [past participle] Present Perfect Format: [present tense conjugation of haber] + [past participle] NOTE: since you are using the past participle as part of the verb rather than as an adjective you don’t need to match gender/# to anything -- the past participle doesn’t change.

Haber conjugations: Haber (Present tense) He Hemos Has Habéis Ha Han

Examples: I have studied. They have eaten. We have paid. Yo he estudiado. They have eaten. Ellos han comido. We have paid. Nosotros hemos pagado. You (s. inf.) have lived. Tú has vivido. You all haven’t eaten. Ustedes no han comido.

NOTE: When working with a DOP, IOP, RP used with the perfect tenses, the pronoun goes BEFORE the first verb (haber, the auxiliary verb) Examples: I have brushed my teath. Yo me he cepillado los dientes. He has bathed. Él se ha bañado. We have left. Nosotros nos hemos ido.

Oral quiz: FRIDAY Interview: 2-3 questions from the sheet 2-3 questions that build off of your answer Using preterite and imperfect You’ll get the grading rubric for this tomorrow!

Tarea: Worksheet