LOS MANDATOS FORMALES “Usted/ Ustedes” commands. The command form is used when asking or directing someone to do something (Pass the essay in on Monday/

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EL MANDATO AFIRMATIVO FORMAL

Mandatos Informales (Informal Commands)

Transcripción de la presentación:

LOS MANDATOS FORMALES “Usted/ Ustedes” commands

The command form is used when asking or directing someone to do something (Pass the essay in on Monday/ Please close the window). In Spanish, there are formal and informal command forms depending on whether the person is normally addressed as “Ud. or “tú”. (There are also plural forms for “Uds.” and “vosotros”)

Formal commands (used with “Ud.” and “Uds.”) are formed using the stem of the first-person singular. If the verb is an -ar verb, add -e to the stem: descansar yo descanso descans- ¡Descanse! pensaryo pienso piens- ¡Piense!

Formal -er and -ir commands are formed by adding -a to the stem: volver yo vuelvovuelv- ¡Vuelva! perder yo pierdo pierd- ¡Pierda! pedir yo pido pid- ¡Pida! venir yo vengo veng- ¡Venga!

Lea el artículo para mañana por favor.

¡Haga la tarea esta noche!

Plural/ Negative commands n If the command is directed at more than one person, simply add –n to the singular form: Hable (usted)Hablen (ustedes) Lea (usted)Lean (ustedes) n Negative commands are made by adding “no” before the command. ¡Repita! ¡No repita!

¡No tenga miedo! Es mi amigo.

Niños, ¡no riñan!

Irregular command forms Three verbs have irregular formal commands: n ir:VayaVayan n ser:SeaSean n estar:EstéEstén

Verbs with spelling changes n -car verbs change the “c” to “qu”: buscar:BusqueBusquen n -gar verbs add “u” before the ending: pagar:PaguePaguen n -zar verbs change the “z” to “c”: almorzar Almuerce Almuercen

¡No toque tan alto! No puedo dormir.

¿Qué piden estas personas? Indicate the command that you would most likely hear from these people. n 1.la profesoraAbran los libros. / Esperen el autobús. / Pidan la comida. n 2. el doctorLea el libro de español. / No coma mucha grasa. / Venga a la fiesta conmigo. n 3. la artistaEstudie la lección esta noche. / Use muchos colores. / Prepare el almuerzo. n 4. el hermanoNo toquen mi estéreo. / Vayan al gimnasio. / No duerman en el sofá. n 5. los padresEscriban con bolígrafo. / Hagan la tarea. / Pongan la televisión.

n ¡Cierren la puerta! Who in your family is most likely to make each of these requests? n 1. Laven los platos, por favor. n 2. ¡No hablen tanto por teléfono! n 3. ¡No entren con los pies (feet) sucios! n 4. ¡Vengan a visitarnos! n 5. ¡Tengan mucho cuidado en el coche! n 6. ¡No entren en mi cuarto!

After class you ask your professor for some advice on how to get more out of the Spanish course. Create command forms to hear this advice. MODELO:(Preparar) bien los ejercicios. -Prepare bien los ejercicios. n 1. (Hablar) más en clase. n 2. No (dormir) en sus clases. n 3. (Ir) más al laboratorio de lenguas. n 4. (Repetir) las respuestas en el laboratorio. n 4. (Practicar) el vocabulario. n 5. (Tomar) muchos apuntes en clase. n 6. (Escribir) con más cuidado. n 7. (Hacer) los ejercicios del cuaderno. n 8. (Leer) lo más posible en español. Hable duerma Vaya Repita Practique Tome Escriba Haga Lea