Los verbos TENER y VENIR

TENER (e  ie)

Tener means “ to have ” and is a very common verb to use in the Spanish language. Tener is irregular. It is a “ YO-GO ” verb (the yo form ends with “ go ” ) and it is a “ low top ” boot verb!

TENER(e  ie) yonosotros túvosotros élellaUd.ellosellas Uds. tengo tienes tiene tenemos tenéis tienen

Tener is used to tell how old someone is: (TENER + # + AÑOS): Yo tengo dieciocho años. Ellos tienen dos años.

Tener is also used in certain expressions: Tener hambre Tener sed Tener suerte To be hungry To be thirsty To be lucky

More tener expressions: Tener frío Tener calor Tener prisa To be cold To be hot To be in a hurry

More tener expressions: Tener ganas de + infinitive Tener sueño Tener miedo To feel like doing something To be sleepy To be scared

More tener expressions: Tener razón Tener cuidado 2 +2 = 4 To be right To be careful

VAMOS A PRACTICAR Conjugate TENER to match the subject. 1. Luisa y Juan5. tú 2. Emilia6. Usted 3. Yo7. Ustedes 4. Raúl y yo8. Yo tienen tiene tengo tenemos tienes tiene tienen tengo

VENIR = TO COME (e  ie)

VENIR is almost exactly like TENER VENIR is a “ YO-GO ” verb and a “ low-top ” boot verb. The BIG difference is that TENER is an –ER verb and VENIR is an –IR verb.

VENIR (e  ie) YoNosotros TúVosotros ÉlEllaUd.EllosEllasUds. vengo vienes viene venimos venís vienen

VENIR is typically used with “ de ” and “ a ”. Venir + de = Venir + a = to come from Yo vengo del auditorio. to come to Tú vienes al gimnasio.

VAMOS A PRACTICAR Conjugate the verb VENIR to match each subject: 1. Tú4. Mis amigas 2. Elena5. Yo 3. Carmen y yo6. Usted vienes viene venimos vienen vengo viene

Ser vs. Estar Las formas y usos en contexto

SER VS. ESTAR  You already know the verb ESTAR. It means “to be”

SER VS. ESTAR  There is another verb in Spanish that means “to be.” It is the verb SER.

SER VS. ESTAR  SER is an irregular verb, just like ESTAR, so you must memorize all its forms.

SER VS. ESTAR  There are certain occasions in which you will use either SER or ESTAR. Let’s review ESTAR first!

ESTAR  Used for telling LOCATION. For example:

ESTAR El libro está en la mesa. The book is on the table. Yo estoy en Guatemala. I am in Guatemala.

ESTAR  Used to tell CONDITION. For example:

ESTAR Eduardo está ocupado. Eduardo is busy. Ana y Luisa están enfermas. Ana and Luisa are sick.

TO BE (In English) Iam Youare He Sheis It Weare Theyare

ESTAR Yoestoy Túestás Ud. Élestá Ella Nosotros estamos Vosotros estáis Uds. Ellos están Ellas

Ok, now let’s see what the verb SER looks like. Remember, all it’s forms are totally irregular and they follow NO pattern. You must memorize them!

SER Yosoy Túeres Ud. Éles Ella Nosotros somos Vosotros sois Uds. Ellos son Ellas

SER  Used to tell TIME and DATE. Son las dos y media. It is two thirty. Es el veinte de noviembre. It is the twentieth of November.

SER  Used to tell NATIONALITY. For example: Yo soy americana. Él es puertorriqueño.

SER  Used to tell WHERE SOMEONE OR SOMETHING IS FROM. Tú eres de Nicaragua. Ellas son de Costa Rica.

SER  Used to connect a noun or pronoun to another noun or pronoun. Eduardo es un hombre. Coquí y Sultán son gatos.

SER  Used to describe CHARACTERISTICS. Rebeca es alta. Enrique y yo somos guapos.

SER  You CANNOT use “un or una” with SER when describing someone’s profession. Yo soy profesora. Tú eres estudiante.

Don’t be LoCo!  Description  Occupation  Nationality  Time  be  Location  Condition

Don’t be LoCo!  With ser, the descriptions are of something permanent  With estar, the condition is something temporary

Contexts for using ser 1.Expressing origin - saying where someone is from 2.Expressing possession - indicating that something belongs to someone (there is no ‘s to denote possession in Spanish) 3.Expressing material - indicating what something is made out of (leather, wood, cotton, etc.) 4.Telling time - indicating the time of day 5.Talking about the location of an event - indicating where something (e.g. concert, meeting, dance) takes place 6.Expressing permanent characteristics – indicating inherent traits that do not result from a change. Here are a few examples of each context…

Expressing origin 1.Julia es de Puerto Rico. Julia is from Puerto Rico.

Expressing possession 2. Las mochilas son de los chicos. The backpacks are the children’s. (Remember there is no ‘s in Spanish)

Expressing material 3. El suéter es de lana. The sweater is made of wool.

Telling time 4. Son las ocho y media. It is eight thirty.

Talking about the location of an event 5. El concierto es en el parque. The concert is in the park.

Expressing permanent characteristics El perro es grande y negro. The dog is big and black.

Contexts for using estar 1.Expressing location. Indicating where something is located or positioned temporarily. 2.Expressing condition. Indicating a state resulting from a change. 3.Expressing the progressive tenses. Indicating that an event is in progress. Always remember “Location, Condition” when you are trying to remember the contexts for using estar. Again let’s look at some examples.

Location Los chicos están en la clase. The children are in the class.

Location continued Las casas están en la ciudad. The houses are in the city.

Condition La chica está triste./ The girl is sad.

Present progressive Ellos están jugando al fútbol. / They are playing soccer.

Aqui te toca a ti…/ Your turn… See if you can predict the correct verb in each sentence. Click the mouse and the correct form will appear. ¡Buena suerte! /Good luck!

1. Los libros ________ en el escritorio. Los libros están en el escritorio. The books are on the desk. Location

2. El gato ________ gordo. El gato es gordo. / The cat is fat. Characteristic

3. La fiesta ________ en el patio. La fiesta es en el patio. / The party is in the patio. Location of an event. (Remember indicating the location of an event is different from indicating where something is permanently located.)

4. Los hombres ________ cansados. Los hombres están cansados./ The men are tired. Condition

5. La blusa ________ de seda. La blusa es de seda. / The blouse is made of silk. Material

6. El helado ________ de la chica. El helado es de la chica. /It is the girl’s ice cream. Possession

7. ________ las cinco de la tarde. Son las cinco de la tarde./ It is five o’clock in the afternoon. Telling time

8. Ellos ________ corriendo. Ellos están corriendo. /They are running. Present progressive

es son están es está/es eres estoy está