Verb Notebook Advanced Spanish

Set up - Name On the inside of the front cover in the upper left hand corner write your name, class, and hour like this: Mendy “Guadalupe” Colbert Advanced Spanish B1

Section 1 – Verb list * the verbs are not in alphabetical order. We will add to this list as needed. Write the Spanish verbs in a column on the left side of the page. Number the verbs in the left hand margin. Look up the meaning of the verbs and write them in a column on the right. Turn the page to start section 2.

Verb List Hablar To speak, to talk 2. Comer To eat 3. Vivir To live Continue with the rest of the verbs

Section 2 – Index of Tenses In this section we will describe how to form each tense and what it is used for. We will add to this section as we go. Title the page Index of Tenses Write “Present Tense” On the first line and number it 1 with a circle around it. Turn a several pages to make room for the tenses, and then start Section 3.

Index of Tenses Present tense

Section 3 – Conjugated verbs In the upper right hand corner of the page write “1”- these numbers should correspond with the numbers on the verb list. On the top line on the left write the Spanish infinitive. On the right side, write the English meaning. On the first line in the left hand margin write the number 1 with a circle around it. – This number will correspond with the index of tenses. Turn to the next page and repeat the steps for verb 2 and so on.

1 Hablar To talk, to speak 1.

Verbs Hablar Comer Vivir Ser Estar Ir Dar Ver leer Pagar traer Venir tocar Aprender Tener Querer comenzar dormir poder poner Salir hacer traer Venir Saber conocer lavarse acostarse divertirse andar decir pedir seguir oír

Explanation and conjugations Present tense verbs Explanation and conjugations

Present tense Notes Present tense A verb is a word that expresses an action, an occurrence, or a state of being. All Spanish verbs belong to one of three categories, according to the infinitive, -ar, -er, or –ir verbs. How to form regular verbs: 1: drop the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir) 2: add the appropriate present tense endings to match the subject. -ar verb endings -er endings -ir endings o amos o emos o imos as áis es éis es ís a an e en e en

Continuation of notes When to use it The present tense forms of Spanish verbs express both the English present tense (I walk) and the English present progressive (I am walking). Spanish Present tense forms also include the auxiliary verb do/does that English uses in questions and negative sentences. Do/does are not expressed in Spanish before another verb

Continuation of notes Indicates: A) an action or state of being at the present time. Examples: 1. Hablo español I speak Spanish, I am speaking Spanish, I do speak Spanish 2. Creo en Dios I believe in God

Continuation of notes B) Habitual action Example: Voy a la biblioteca todos los días I go to the library every day I do go to the library every day. C). A general truth, something which is permanently true Examples : 1) Seis menos dos son cuatro. Six minus two are four 2) El ejercicio hace maestro al novicio. Practice makes perfect.

Continuation of notes D) Vividness when talking about past events. Example: El asesino se pone pálido. Tiene miedo. Sale de la casa y corre a lo largo del río. The murderer turns pale. He is afraid. He goes out of the house and runs along the river. e) A near future. Examples: 1. Mi hermano llega mañana. My brother arrives tomorrow. 2. ¿Escuchamos un disco ahora? Shall we listen to a record now?

Continuation of notes Types of irregular verbs -oy verbs (aka bizzaro verbs)- These verbs are irregular in the yo form (and possibly other forms). The yo form ends in “oy” Examples: ser, ir, dar, estar (best to just memorize these verbs and their forms) Stem changers (aka shoe verbs) – These verbs have a change in the stem (what’s left after removing the –ar, -er, or –ir) There are 4 types: e-ie (tener, querer, comenzar, etc.) e-I (decir, pedir,seguir etc.) o-ue (dormir, poder, etc.) u-ue (jugar) Steps to form them: 1: Chopsuey 2: Switch-a-roonie 3: schmoosh

Continuation of notes Another type of verbs “-go” verbs (aka sneaky G verbs) – These verbs are irregular in the yo form (and possibly other forms). The yo form ends in “go” Examples: poner, salir, hacer, traer, venir, decir, oír, seguir Another type of verbs Reflexives A verb is reflexive when the subject and the object are the same. In other words, when the subject does something to himself. When a verb is reflexive, the infinitive ends in "se."

Continuation of notes To learn to conjugate reflexive verbs, you need a different set of pronouns called "reflexive pronouns." These pronouns are positioned before the verb, while the ending "se" is dropped and the verb is conjugated normally. The reflexive pronouns are not subject pronouns; rather they are object pronouns. The purpose of the reflexive object pronouns is to show that the action of the verb remains with the subject.

Continuation of notes nos (ourselves) os (yourselves) se (themselves, yourselves) me (myself) te (yourself) se (himself, herself, yourself) To conjugate a reflexive verb: Remove the “se” Rearrange – move the “se” to the front of the verb Make a change – change the “se” to match the subject Chopsuey – remove the –ar,-er, or –ir Switch-a-roonie – make a stem change if necessary Schmoosh – add the correct ending to match the subject (yo) me Lav o ar se (tú) te ac ue o st ar as se

Continuation of notes When two verbs are used together, the first verb is conjugated and the second verb is left in the infinitive form. (big brother-little brother verbs) Example: I want to eat. Quiero comer. When the 2nd verb is reflexive, change the “se” to match the subject, but leave it at the end of the verb. I need to go to bed Necesito acostarme

Present Tense Conjugations

1 Hablar 1. Hablo Hablamos Hablas Habláis Habla Hablan To talk, to speak 1. Hablo Hablamos Hablas Habláis Habla Hablan

2 comer To eat Como comemos 1. comes coméis come comen

3 vivir To live vivo vivimos 1. vives vivís vive viven

4 ser To be 1. soy somos eres sois es son

5 Estar To be Estoy Estamos 1. Estás Estáis Está Están

6 ir To go voy vamos 1. vas vais va van

7 dar To give, to throw(a party) 1. doy damos das dais da dan

8 ver To see 1. veo vemos ves véis ve ven

9 leer To read 1. leo leemos lees leéis lee leen

10 pagar To pay 1. pago pagamos pagas pagáis paga pagan

11 tocar toco tocamos 1. tocas tocáis toca tocan To touch, to play (an instrument) toco tocamos 1. tocas tocáis toca tocan

12 aprender To learn 1. aprendo aprendemos aprendes aprendéis aprende aprenden

13 tener To have 1. tengo tenemos tienes tenéis tiene tienen

14 querer 1. quiero queremos quieres queréis quieren quiere To want, to wish, To love 1. quiero queremos quieres queréis quieren quiere

15 comenzar To begin comienzo comenzamos 1. comienzas comenzáis comienzan

16 dormir To sleep 1. duermo dormimos duermes dormís duerme duermen

17 poder 1. puedo podemos Podéis puedes puede pueden To be able to, can 1. puedo podemos Podéis puedes puede pueden

18 poner To put, to place 1. pongo ponemos pones ponéis pone ponen

19 salir To leave, to go out 1. salgo salimos sales salís sale salen

20 hacer To do, to make 1. hago hacemos haces hacéis hace hacen

21 traer To bring 1. traigo traemos traes traéis trae traen

22 Venir To come 1. Vengo Venimos Vienes Venís viene vienen

23 saber To know 1. sé sabemos sabes sabéis sabe saben

24 conocer 1. conozco conocemos conoces conocéis conoce conocen To know, to be familiar with 1. conozco conocemos conoces conocéis conoce conocen

25 Lavarse 1. Me lavo Nos lavamos Te lavas Os laváis Se lava Se lavan To wash one’s self 1. Me lavo Nos lavamos Te lavas Os laváis Se lava Se lavan

26 acostarse To go to bed 1. Me acuesto Nos acostamos Te acuestas Os acostáis Se acuesta Se acuestan

27 divertirse 1. me divierto nos divertimos te diviertes os divertís To enjoy one’s self, To have a good time 1. me divierto nos divertimos te diviertes os divertís se divierte se divierten

28 To walk andar ando 1. andamos andas andáis anda andan

29 decir To say, to tell 1. digo decimos dices decís dice dicen

30 pedir To ask for, to request 1. pido pedimos pides pedís pide piden

31 seguir 1. seguimos sigo sigues seguís sigue siguen To follow, to continue 1. seguimos sigo sigues seguís sigue siguen

31 oír To hear 1. oigo oímos oyes oís oye oyen