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Apuntes - 13 de noviembre Los mandatos (commands) To boss another person around in Spanish, you have to use un mandato (a command). Los mandatos (commands) have a different conjugation than the other tenses to set them apart and let the listener know that they are being commanded to do something.
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Non-command statements that you already know: Regular present tense statement: Susana, tú hablas mucho. Susana, you talk a lot. Regular preterite tense statement: Susana, tú hablaste mucho ayer. Susana, you talked a lot yesterday.
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Example of un mandato: Susana, ¡habla ahora! Susana, talk/speak now! What is the difference between ‘hablas’ and ‘habla’ in this context? ‘Hablas’ is simply a present tense statement: You talk ‘Habla’ is a command: Talk! Speak!
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‘Habla’ should look familiar—where have you seen habla before? Habla is the él, ella, Ud. form of ‘hablar’ in the present tense: Ella habla. She talks. Él habla. He talks. Ud. habla. You (f) talk.
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To form an affirmative tú command:..take the él, ella, Ud. present tense form to create a tú command: nadar nada: Swim! (command form) comer come: Eat! (command form) escribir escribe: Write! (command form)
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To form a negative tú command for –ar verbs: Think of the ‘yo’ form in the present tense first: Yo hablo. I talk. For –ar verbs, drop the –o and add ‘-es’ and put a ‘no’ in front of the verb: No hables. Don’t talk. No nades. Don’t swim.
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To form a negative tú command for –er and -ir verbs: Think of the ‘yo’ form in the present tense first: Yo como. I eat. (From comer) Yo escribo. I write. (From escribir) For –er and –ir verbs, drop the –o and add ‘-as’ and put a ‘no’ in front of the verb: No comas. Don’t eat. No escribas. Don’t write.
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Algunos mandatos irregulares: Some irregular commands: decir: di/no digas dar: da/no des hacer: haz/no hagas ir: ve/no vayas poner: pon/no pongas salir: sal/no salgas tocar: toca/no toques
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