PARTE 1 LOS OBJETOS DIRECTOS E INDIRECTOS

DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS VS. INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS Habla con otra persona para ver qué es la diferencia entre las frases. ¿Por qué ves ‘le’ en unas frases y ‘la’ en otras? Marco le dice a María que quiere ser su novio. Marco la quiere mucho. Marco le da un anillo a María porque quiere casarse con ella. Marco la besa. Después, Marco le da un abrazo.

DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS: lo, la, los, las, me, te, nos -Direct object pronouns answer the “what” for the verb. -Direct object pronouns also replace the “what” of the verb with “it, him, her, me, you, them, us”. Marco needs what? “a pencil”  Marco needs it. Marco necesita un lápiz.  Marco lo necesita. S V O (S – subject, V – verb, O – object) Other examples: Yo veo una casa bonita.  Yo la veo. (I see what? A house. I see it.) Marco come unos caramelos.  Marco los come. (Marco eats what? Some candy. Marco eats them.) Marco ve a las chicas  Marco las ve. (Marco sees what? The girls. Marco sees them) María besa a Marco  María lo besa. (María kisses what? Marco. María kisses him) María pega (hits) a ti  María te pega. (María hits what? You. María hits you) Marco quiere a María  Marco la quiere. (Marco loves what? Marco loves her) María ve a nosotros.  María nos ve. (María sees what? us. María sees us)

INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS: le, les, me, te, nos -Previously known as ‘who is doing what to whom?’, INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS answer the question “to or for whom?” or “to or for what?” with regard to the verb and tells us where the direct object (DO) is going. -They replace the “to who or for whom” or “to or for what” with “him, her, me, you, it, them, us) Marco gives a pencil TO WHOM? – to María Marco da un lápiz a María  Marco le da un lápiz. S V O I.O. (S – subject, V – verb, O – object, I.O. – indirect object) Other examples: Yo doy un beso a Paco  Yo le doy un beso. (I give a kiss (direct object) TO WHOM? To Paco. I give a kiss to him). Paco dice un secreto a mí  Paco me dice un secreto (Paco tells a secret TO WHOM? To me. Paco tells me a secret) Juan dice a María que es bonita  Juan le dice que es bonita. (Juan tells “words – eres bonita” TO WHOM? To María)

To understand why we use ‘le’ in some sentences and ‘la’ in the others, we need to understand a bit about the grammar of a sentence first. Let’s look at this sentence: Marco kisses her.  Marco la besa. The verb acts on HER DIRECTLY. (Marco kisses WHAT? Her) This is different from: Marco gives her a kiss.  Marco le da un beso. “a kiss” is the direct object. (Marco gives (verb) “what”?  a kiss) “her” is the indirect object. (Marco gives the direct object “to whom?”  to her) He GIVES something to her. (Marco gives the kiss TO WHOM? To her)

DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS: me – Juan besa a mí  Juan me besa. (Juan kisses me) te – Juan quiere a ti.  Juan te quiere. (Juan loves you) nos – Juan ve a nosotros.  Juan nos ve. (Juan sees us) lo – Juan ve el libro.  Juan lo ve. (Juan sees it ) la – Juan ve a Laura.  Juan la ve. (Juan sees her ) los – Juan ve los libros.  Juan los ve. (Juan sees them ) las – Juan ve a las chicas.  Juan las ve. (Juan sees them ) INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS: me – Juan da el libro a mí.  Juan me da el libro. (Juan gives me the book) te – Juan da el libro a ti.  Juan te da el libro. (Juan gives you the book) nos – Juan da el libro a nosotros.  Juan nos da el libro. (Juan gives us the book) le – Juan da el libro a él/ella/usted  Juan le da el libro. (Juan gives him/her/it/ usted the book) les – Juan da el libro a ellos/ustedes  Juan les da el libro. (Juan gives them/you all the book)

Remember if you get confused: -me, te, nos can ALL BE direct OR indirect objects, so with them you don’t really have to worry about the grammar of the sentence. You can go back to the old, “who is doing what to whom” from Spanish The distinction that you must pay attention to is with LO, LA, LOS,LAS vs. LE, and LES. It just depends on what is going on in the sentence. -LO, LA, LOS,LAS is mostly to say “it” for objects/things but can refer to PEOPLE if you are doing the verb DIRECTLY TO THEM (I kiss her, he hits them, I kill him, we see her, etc.). - LE, and LES are ALWAYS used for people. Commonly used with the verb “dar” and “decir”.

¡A practicar! Direct Object (D.O.) or Indirect Object (I.D.O.)? 1.______ Miguel es muy simpático y guapo y Ana lo quiere mucho. 2.______ Ana le dice a Miguel, “Te quiero”. 3.______ Ana le dice a Miguel, “Te quiero”. 4.______ Ana le dice a Miguel, “Te quiero”. 5.______ Tú me dices que soy inteligente. 6.______ Ana grita, “¡lo veo!” (Ana ve a Miguel) 7.______ Miguel piensa “La voy a matar”. 8.______ Los niños necesitan unos lápizes. (Los necesitan). 9.______ Nosotras vemos a nuestras amigas (Las vemos). 10.______ Yo siempre les digo a mis padres que estoy harto de escucharles. 11.______ Yo siempre les digo a mis padres que estoy harto de escucharles. 12.______ La profesora nos da un examen. ¡Qué mala suerte! 13. ______ ¡Yo te veo! 14.______ Carlos me besa. ¡Estoy enamorada! 15.______ Mis padres me dicen que soy muy flojo. D.O. I.D.O. D.O. I.D.O. D.O. I.D.O. D.O. I.D.O.

¿Cómo se dice en español? 1. I killed it (matar una mosca – to kill a fly) La maté. 2. You kiss her. (besar) La besas. 3. She gave you a hug. (dar un abrazo) Te dio un abrazo. 4. She told them a secret (decir un secreto) Les dijo un secreto. 5. I see them (all girls). (ver) Las veo. 6. They gave him a hug. (dar un abrazo) Le dieron un abrazo. 7. They saw us! (ver) ¡Nos vieron!

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