The Present Perfect p. 331 Realidades 2

We form the present perfect tense by combining have or has with the past participle of a verb: he has seen an eagle. they have not eaten.

In Spanish we combine the present tense of the auxiliary verb haber with the past participle of the main verb.

In English Have or has + PAST PARTICIPLE I have eaten He has spoken In Spanish Present tense of HABER + PAST PARTICIPLE Yo he comido Él ha hablado

So.. What is the present tense of the verb HABER? HABER Yohe túhas Él /ellaha Nosotros/ashemos Vosotros/ashabéis Ellos/ ellashan

To form the past participle of a verb in Spanish, follow these steps: 1. remove the ending of the infinitive to get the stem And how do we form the past participle?

2. For –ar verbs, add -ado to the For –er/ir verbs, add -ido to the stem. And how do we form the past participle?

Infinitive in ….Past participle finished in… -ar -ado -er/ -ir -ido * * This happens for most -er/-ir verbs

SOME EXAMPLES with AR verbs Remember the ending is added to the stem! -AR verb Hablar (speak) Volar (fly) Bajar (go down) Cantar (sing) Ayudar (help) Cerrar (to close) Hablado Ayudado Cerrado Cantado Bajado Volado

SOME EXAMPLES with –er/-ir verbs Remember the ending is added to the stem! -er/-ir verb Vivir (live) Sentir (feel) Ocurrir (happen) Beber (drink) Torcer (twist) Tener (have) Vivido Torcido Tenido Bebido Ocurrido Sentido

The Present Perfect Let’s put it all together. Conjuage the following verbs in the present perfect tense: Ayudar Comer

The Present Perfect I have helped You have helped He/she has helped We have helped You all have helped They have helped Yo he ayudado Tú has ayudado Él/ella ha ayudado Nosotros hemos ayudado Vosotros habéis ayudado Ellos/ellas han ayudado AyudAR (to help)

The Present Perfect I have eaten You have eaten He/she has eaten We have eaten You all have eaten They have eaten Yo he comido Tú has comido Él/ella ha comido Nosotros hemos comido Vosotros habéis comido Ellos/ellas han comido ComER (to eat)

The Present Perfect This means that we place no and other negative words, object pronouns, and reflexive pronouns directly in front of the verb haber.

Let’s practice 1. Hoy he _______ (comer) pescado. 2. La ambulancia ha _______ (llegar) al hospital. 3. El estudiante ha _______ (tener) un accidente. comido llegado tenido

4. Cameryn y Bree _______ salido con amigas. 5. La médico _____ llegado al hospital. 6. Yo ____ volado en Iberia para ir a España. han ha he

Pay attention to the following information

Certain verbs that have a double vowel in the infinitive form (except those with double vowel ui) require an accent mark on the i in the past participle. 1. Accent on the i…

Caer (fall) Leer (read) Oír (hear) caído leído oído Me he caído de la bicicleta. No he oído el anuncio.

Some verbs have irregular past participles

INFINITIVEIRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLE DECIR To say DICHO Said HACER To do HECHO Done ABRIR To open ABIERTO Opened CUBRIR To cover CUBIERTO Covered ROMPER To break ROTO Broken VER To see VISTO seen

INFINITIVEIRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLE ESCRIBIR To write ESCRITO Written RESOLVER To resolve RESUELTO Resolved VOLVER To return VUELTO Returned DEVOLVER To return (something) DEVUELTO Returned PONER To put PUESTO Put MORIR To die MUERTO Dead

Let’s practice (irregular verbs) 1. Yo no he _______ (romper) el plato. 2. El enfermero ha _______ (abrir) la puerta de la ambulancia. 3. Mi padre ha _______ (ver) un accidente en la autopista. roto abierto visto

4. Roberto ha _______ (devolver) el libro a la biblioteca. 5. La médico ha ________ (cubrir) al enfermo con una manta. 6. Yo me he ______ (poner) un vendaje en la herida. devuelto cubierto puesto

7. Nosotros ________ _______ (ver) el accidente. 8. Los socorristas lo ____ _____ (poner) en una camilla. 9. Uno de los socorristas lo ______ _________ (cubrir) con mi chaqueta. hemos hanpuesto visto hacubierto

10. Los socorristas le ____ _____ (decir) que todo estará bien. 11. El médico le ____ ______ (poner) la pierna en un yeso. 12. Los socorristas me _____ ________ (devolver) mi chaqueta. han ha puesto dicho han devuelto