Los Mandatos Formales (Usted / Ustedes)

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Los Mandatos Formales (Usted / Ustedes)

Here are some examples of some commands you know and are about to learn: Tú Usted Ustedes Cocina la cena ahora. Cocine la cena ahora. Cocinen la cena ahora. Abre el refrigerador. Abra el refrigerador. Abran el refrigerador. Bebe la leche. Beba la leche. Beban la leche. No bebas el aceite. No beba el aceite. No beban el aceite. What do you notice about the formation of the Usted and Ustedes commands? - It is very similar to the formation of the affirmative/negative (circle one) tú command. Do you see a difference between the formation of the affirmative formal commands and the negative formal commands? - Yes / No (circle one)

The ‘yo’ form of the verb, Remember the rhyme from negative tú commands? It’s almost the exact same for Usted and Ustedes commands: The ‘yo’ form of the verb, minus the ‘-o’, flip-flop the ending, … with or without 'no'! ★ Don’t forget about any stem-changes and –car, -gar, -zar rules. ★

yo -e -a To form Usted commands: 1. For –AR verbs, take the ______ form of the verb in the present tense, drop the –o, and change the ending to _______. Examples: “Pele la cebolla antes de picarla.” “Caliente el horno a cuatrocientos grados.” 2. For –ER and –IR verbs, take the “yo” form, drop the –o, and change the ending to ______. Examples: “Encienda la estufa con cuidado.” “Bata los huevos con un tenedor.” yo -e -a

To form Ustedes commands, Do the same thing as with Usted, but add an -n. 3. For –AR verbs, take the ______ form of the verb in the present tense, drop the –o, and change the ending to ______. Examples: “Dejen las galletas en el horno por doce minutos.” “Prueben la sopa antes de servirla.” 4. For –ER and –IR verbs, take the “yo” form, drop the –o, and change the ending to ______. Examples: “Beban el licuado despacio porque está frío.” “Hiervan el agua en una olla grande.” yo -en -an

5. Don’t forget that some present tense “yo” forms have stem-changes, end in “-go,” OR are irregular, because this will affect the spelling of your usted and ustedes commands! Ejemplos: dormir- Duerma (Ud.) seguir- Sigan (Uds.) la receta, por favor. poner- Pongan (Uds.) la mesa. tener- Tenga (Ud.) cuidado con el cuchillo. 6. Usted/ustedes commands take the same form in the afirmativa and negativa. Ejemplos: Añada Ud. más sal. No añada Ud. más sal. Calienten Uds. el horno. No calienten Uds. el horno.

Please refer to the chart in your Libro Verde p.64. 7. Irregulares: (fill-in the missing blanks in the chart below- irregulars marked with a *) Infinitivo Traducción al inglés Mandato de tú (+) Tú (-) UsteD Ustedes SER Be! (characteristic) * * (No) sea IR * No vayas DAR Da ESTAR * No estés Sé No seas (No) sean Go! Ve (No) vaya (No) vayan Give! No des (No) dé (No) den Be! (emotion/location) Está (No) esté (No) estén Please refer to the chart in your Libro Verde p.64.

Práctica- Affirmative Usted Using the notes on formal commands, write affirmative Usted commands for the following words: 1. poner ________ la mesa. 2. ser ________ respetuoso. 3. pelar ________ las zanahorias. 4. apagar ________ la estufa. 5. ir ________ al supermercado. 6. batir ___________ los huevos. Ponga Sea Pele Apague Vaya Bata

Práctica- Negative Usted Using the notes on formal commands, write NEGATIVE Usted commands for the following words: 1. hervir (e-ie) ___________ la leche. 2. tirar ___________ el caldo de pollo. 3. llegar ___________ tarde a la cena. 4. dejar ___________ el refrigerador abierto. 5. salir ___________ tarde en la noche. 6. encender (e-ie) ____________ el fuego. No hierva No tire No llegue No deje No salga No encienda

Práctica- Affirmative Ustedes Using the notes on formal commands, write affirmative Ustedes commands for the following words: 1. freír (e-í) ______ el ajo después de la cebolla. 2. lavar ________ la licuadora. 3. mezclar ________ el vinagre con el aceite. 4. seguir (e-i) ________ la receta exactamente. 5. estar ________ felices en la cocina. 6. probar (o-ue) ________ el licuado de frutas. Frían Laven Mezclen Sigan Estén Prueben

Práctica- Negative Ustedes Using the notes on formal commands, write NEGATIVE Ustedes commands for the following words: 1. congelar _____________ los mariscos. 2. calentar (e-ie) ______________ la lechuga. 3. tener __________ prisa cuando cocinan. 4. picar ___________ las uvas. 5. venir ___________ tarde al almuerzo. 6. añadir ___________ mucha pimienta. No congelen No calienten No tengan No piquen No vengan No añadan

8. Commands with Pronouns. ★ Rules for pronouns stay the same for formal commands as they were with Tú commands. ★ With AFFIRMATIVE commands, any pronoun used (reflexive, indirect, or direct) will be ATTACHED to the end and an accent will be added where necessary.

AFFIRMATIVE commands with Pronouns ★ Affirmative- Always Attach! ★ Ejemplos: (Ud.) Turn it on. (the oven) Encienda el horno.  (Ud.) Put it there. (the pot) Ponga la olla allí.  (Uds.) Tell me, please. You try: (Uds.) Peel them. (the carrots) Pelen las zanahorias.  (Ud.) Wash your hands now. [reflexive] Enciéndalo. Póngala allí. Díganme, por favor. Pélenlas. Lávese las manos ahora.

☆ Negative- Never attach! ☆ With NEGATIVE commands, any pronoun used (reflexive, indirect, or direct) will be places after the “No” and IN FRONT of the command. ☆ Negative- Never attach! ☆ Ejemplos: (Uds.) Don’t peel them. (the carrots) Pelen las zanahorias.  (Uds.) Don’t tell me, please. (Ud.) Don’t wash your hands now. [reflexive] You try: (Ud.) Don’t turn it on. (the oven) No encienda el horno.  (Ud.) Don’t put it there. (the pot) Ponga la olla allí.  No las pelen. No me digan, por favor. No se lave las manos ahora. No lo encienda. No la ponga allí.