Spanish 2 Buen Viaje Capítulo 4.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Spanish 2 Buen Viaje Capítulo 4

EL pretérito y el imperfecto The choice of whether to use the preterit or imperfect depends upon whether the speaker is describing an action completed in the past or a continuous, recurring action in the past.

EL pretérito y el imperfecto You use the preterit to express actions or events that began and ended at a specific time in the past. Anoche Tori fue al supermercado. Compró una caja de detergente y unos productos congelados. El dependiente puso todo en una bolsa.

You use the imperfect to talk about a continuous, habitual, or repeated action in the past. The moment when the action began or ended is unimportant. Rachel iba al supermercado con frecuencia. Cada día compraba las cosas que necesitas. Casi siempre pagaba con tarjeta de crédito.

El pretérito y el imperfecto Compare the following sentences: Continuous, recurring actions in the past : Jordan y Cody iban al cine todos los sábados. Siempre se sentaban en la primera fila. Todas las noches se acostaban tarde. Actions completed in the past: Tess y Samantha fueron al cine el sábado pasado. Ayer se sentaron en la última fila. Anoche se acostaron temprano.

El pretérito y el imperfecto ¿Una vez o frecuentemente? ¿Fue Rachael al mercado ayer por la mañana? ¿Cuándo fue Rachael al mercado? ¿Iba Rachael al mercado cada mañana? ¿Cuándo iba Rachael al mercado?

El pretérito y el imperfecto ¿Cuándo? Write two complete Spanish sentences for each prompt below. Todas la noches/anoche – mirar la tele Todos los días/ayer – poner aretes Todas la mañanas/esta mañana – tomar el desayuno Todas las tardes/ayer por la tarde – ir de compras Todos los sábados/ el sábado pasado – levantarse tarde

Dos acciones en una oración Often a sentence may have two or more verbs in the past. The verbs may be in the same tense or in different tenses. In the sentence below, both verbs are in the preterit. Both describe simple actions that began and ended at a specific time in the past. Victoria llegó ayer y Kelli la vio. In the sentence below, the two verbs are in the imperfect because they both describe habitual or continuous actions. The moment when the actions began or ended is unimportant. Durante los inviernos, Jordan iba a las montañas a esquiar, pero yo trabajaba.

Dos acciones en una oración In the sentence below, the verb estudiaba is in the imperfect; it describes the background – what is going on. The verb in the preterit, entró, expresses the action or event that interrupted the ongoing action. MaKenzie estudiaba cuando Megan entró. ¿Qué hacías cuando…? ¿Estabas en casa cuando sonó el teléfono? Hablabas por teléfono cuando tu padre volvió a casa?

Dos acciones en una oración En la tienda de ropa. Answer in complete Spanish sentences. ¿Adónde fue Samantha para hacer sus compras? (la tienda de ropa) ¿Qué quería comprar? (un vestido) ¿Qué tomó para subir al segundo piso? (el ascensor) Cuando ella llegó a la caja, ¿con quién hablaba la dependienta? (una señora) Cuando Samantha pagaba, ¿quiénes la saludaron? (unas amigas)

Verbos como querer y creer en el pasado Since most mental processes involve duration or continuance, verbs that deal with mental activities or conditions are most often expressed in the imperfect tense in the past. The most common of these verbs are: Creer Desear Querer Tener ganas de Pensar Preferir Poder Saber Él sabía lo que preferíamos. Yo tenía ganas de salir. Él creía que yo estaba enfermo.

Verbos como querer y creer en el pasado Complete the following sentences to tell what you did or did not prefer to do, know how to do, and what you could or could not do. Yo prefería________________________________. Yo no prefería _____________________________. Yo sabía __________________________________. Yo no sabía _______________________________. Yo podía __________________________________. Yo no podía _______________________________.

La voz pasiva con se When we talk about something being done without saying who does it, we use the passive voice in English. In Spanish, the pronoun se is used to express this idea. You will often see the se construction used to express ideas such as: They speak Spanish here. Spanish is spoken here. One speaks Spanish here. Aquí se habla español. People speak Spanish here.