All about Subjects and Verbs

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Transcripción de la presentación:

All about Subjects and Verbs Sra. Howard

Subjects and Subject Pronouns Subject: what the sentence is about; what drives the sentence; who does the action Subject Pronoun: takes the place of the subject In Spanish: there are formal and informal forms of you; they can be left out of sentence if it is clear; the subject determines the ending of the verb; subject goes before the verb in statements and after the verb in questions Yo I Nosotros/as we tú You (informal) Vosotros/as You all (informal) Usted (Ud.) You (formal) Ustedes (Uds.) You all (formal) él He ellos They ella she ellas They (feminine)

Examples Maria -> Juan -> Maria y Juan -> Maria y Josefina -> Maria y yo -> Maria y tú -> Maria y usted -> What is the subject? What subject pronoun can you put in its place? Marco habla español con la profesora. Pablo y yo caminamos a la escuela. Danilo y tú cantan todos los dias. Olga y Marta bailan bien. Los muchachos corren a la casa.

Present Tense - Regular To use a verb in a sentence you need to take the infinitive and change it (conjugate!) Verbs will go after the subject in statements and before the subject in questions. Infinitive ends in –ar, -er and –ir – the three families of verbs that determine the ending based on subject or subject pronoun

Verb Endings -er -ar -ir Yo -o Tú -as -áis -a -an Yo -o Tú -es -éis -e Nosotros -amos Tú -as Vosotros -áis Él, ella, Usted -a Ellos, Ellas, Ustedes -an Yo -o Nosotros -emos Tú -es Vosotros -éis Él, ella, Usted -e Ellos, Ellas, Ustedes -en To conjugate a verb, drop –ar, er, or –ir and add these endings to the stem Note the patterns: yo has –o, tú has –s, ella has –a or e, nosotros has –mos and ellos has -n Yo -o Nosotros -imos Tú -es Vosotros -ís Él, ella, Usted -e Ellos, Ellas, Ustedes -en -ir

Examples Yo __________ (cantar) muy bien. Miguel _________ (comer) mucho. Juan y yo _________ (escribir) cartas. Tú ___________ (beber) agua. Ustedes ___________ (estudiar) en casa. Los muchachos ___________ (vivir) en las afueras. ________ escuchas música. ________ comprendemos poco. ________ asisto al colegio. ________ patina en el parque. ________ corren todos los días.

Present Tense - Irregular Straight Up Irregulars ir ser estar Irregular yo forms ver conocer saber GO verbs salir poner traer hacer Hybrids tener venir decir

Examples Nosotros ____ (ser) estudiantes. Ellos _____ (ir) al parque. Yo _______ (salir) de mi casa temprano. Tú _______ (salir) muy bonita. Yo _______ (venir) a las seis. Ella ______ (venir) a las siete.

Present Tense – Stem-Change E IE: querer, preferir, empezar, despertar E I: servir, vestir O UE: dormir, volver, poder, almorzar, probar, encontrar, jugar*

Examples

Present Tense - Reflexives Bañarse, despertarse (ie), entrenarse, levantarse, maquillarse, relajarse, vestirse (i)