Javier Riedemann Aros 2 ACCIONAMIENTO ELÉCTRICO Sensores/ Observadores Interacción con la red Máquinas eléctricas Electrónica.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Javier Riedemann Aros

2 ACCIONAMIENTO ELÉCTRICO Sensores/ Observadores Interacción con la red Máquinas eléctricas Electrónica de potencia Teoría de control Procesamiento de señales Modelamiento Mecánica INTRODUCCIÓN

3 INTRODUCCIÓN Setup de laboratorio

4 INTRODUCCIÓN Sistema de bombeo

5 INTRODUCCIÓN Generación eólica

6 INTRODUCCIÓN Correa transportadora

7 INTRODUCCIÓN Camiones en la minería

8 Los accionamientos pueden ser: Regulados (controlados) No regulados (no controlados) Control en lazo abierto: no hay realimentación de variables Control en lazo cerrado: existe realimentación de variables No se manipulan las variables INTRODUCCIÓN

9 Componentes de un accionamiento eléctrico En accionamientos no regulados no hay controlador INTRODUCCIÓN

10 Accionamiento eléctrico regulado INTRODUCCIÓN

11 Ley de Newton Movimiento traslacional Movimiento rotacional FUNDAMENTOS DE MECÁNICA

12 Sistema con movimiento traslacional y rotacional (ej. correa transportadora) FUNDAMENTOS DE MECÁNICA

13 Momento de Inercia Ejemplo: Calcular el momento de inercia de la figura FUNDAMENTOS DE MECÁNICA

14 Cajas de engranajes (gearbox): se utilizan para aumentar/reducir la velocidad de la carga. La gearbox se ubica entre el eje del motor y la carga. Relaciones de torque, velocidad, inercia equivalente? FUNDAMENTOS DE MECÁNICA

15 Ejemplo: Encontrar la inercia equivalente y el torque en el eje del motor. FUNDAMENTOS DE MECÁNICA

16 FUNDAMENTOS DE MECÁNICA Caja de engranajes no ideal

17 Energía cinética rotacional: Inercia equivalente: FUNDAMENTOS DE MECÁNICA

18 TIPOS DE TORQUE

19 Bombas, ventiladores, compresores Tracción, bobinadoras Excavadoras Ascensores, montacargas Máquinas herramienta, molinos TORQUES DE CARGA

20 Ecuación general de torque?? TORQUES ELECTROMAGNÉTICOS (producidos por distintos motores eléctricos)

21 ESTABILIDAD EN ESTADO ESTACIONARIO The drive is said to be in equilibrium if the torque developed by the motor is exactly equal to the load torque. If the drive comes out of the state of equilibrium due to some disturbance, it comes back to steady state for stable equilibrium but for unstable equilibrium the speed of the drive increases uncontrollably or decreases to zero. When the drive coming out of the state of equilibrium preserves it steady state at different speed (lying in small range), it is said to be in neutral range. The stability of the motor load combination is defined as the capacity of the system which enables it to develop forces of such a nature as to restore equilibrium after any small departure therefore. Equilibrium state of the drive mainly disturbs because of the following two types of disturbances, 1.Changes from the state of equilibrium takes place slowly and the effect of either the inertia or the inductance is insignificant – Steady state stability. 2.Sudden and fast changes from the equilibrium state so effect of both inertia and inductance can not be neglected- Dynamic or transient stability

22 Criterio de estabilidad ESTABILIDAD EN ESTADO ESTACIONARIO

23 CUADRANTES DE OPERACIÓN