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Astronomy has really big numbers
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Distance between Earth and Sun 150000000000 meters 1500000000 kilometers This is the closest star.
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Distance To Next Closest Star Alpha Centauri 41295206500000 kilometers Or 41295206500000000 meters Too big. Mind explosion.
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What’s a better way? 4.12952065 × 10 13 km Or 4.365 light years
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Scientific Notation A number is written in two parts: 1.Just the digits (with the decimal point placed after the first digit), 2.× 10 to a power Example: 2.75 x 10 3
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x 10 3 = ???????? × 10 to a power puts the decimal point back where it should be (i.e. it shows how many places to move the decimal point). Examples: 2.75 x 10 3 = 2750.0
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Another Example
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How to do it Step 1 To figure out the power of 10, think –"how many places do I move the decimal point?"
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How to do it Step 2 If the number is 1 or greater –the decimal place has to move to the left – the power of 10 will be positive. If the number is smaller than 1 –then decimal place has to move to the right –the power of 10 will be negative:
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Example 0.0055 would be written as 5.5 × 10 -3 Because 0.0055 = 5.5 × 0.001 = 5.5 × 10 -3
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Why not just write the number? Scientific Notation is used for numbers that are HUGE or tiny For example it is easier to write (and read) 1.3 × 10 -9 Than 0.0000000013
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So what do you think? The distance from the earth to the sun 150000000000 meters 1500000000 kilometers or 1.50 x 10 11 m Which one is easier to read?
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