Bell Ringer (In your notebook) Which of these court decisions is an example of judicial review? A. The U.S. Supreme Court strikes down a state law as unconstitutional. B. The U.S. Supreme Court decides a dispute in which two states are parties. C. A trial court finds a defendant not guilty after barring illegally obtained evidence from the trial. D. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit interprets an ambiguous phrase in the federal law. ¿Cuál de estas decisiones judiciales es un ejemplo de revisión judicial? A. La Corte Suprema de los EE. UU. Anula una ley estatal por inconstitucional. B. El Tribunal Supremo de EE. UU. Decide una disputa en la que dos estados son partes. C. Un tribunal de primera instancia considera que el acusado no es culpable después de excluir del juicio las pruebas obtenidas ilegalmente. D. El Tribunal de Apelaciones de los Estados Unidos para el 11 ° Circuito interpreta una frase ambigua en la ley federal.

Unit 2 – Foundations of Government, Law and the American Political System Benchmarks SS.7.C.3.3 Illustrate the structure and function (three branches of government established in Articles I, II, and III with corresponding powers) of government in the United States as established in the Constitution. SS.7.C.3.8 Analyze the structure, functions, and processes of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. SS.7.C.3.3. Ilustrar la estructura y función (tres ramas de gobierno establecidas en los Artículos I, II y III con poderes correspondientes) del gobierno en los Estados Unidos según lo establecido en la Constitución. SS.7.C.3.8 Analizar la estructura, las funciones y los procesos de las ramas legislativa, ejecutiva y judicial.

Essential Question What can each branch do? ¿Qué puede hacer cada rama?

Learning Goal Demonstrate an understanding of the U.S. Constitution (its history, its basic structure, and the principles within it). Demostrar una comprensión de la Constitución de los Estados Unidos (su historia, su estructura básica, y los principios dentro de ella).

Constitution Booklet Assignment for Today Proofread your work! Neatness counts. Use colored pencils or markers to decorate your illustrations. You should have finished Article 1 (Legislative Branch) last night Today we will complete Article 2 (Executive Branch) and Article 3 (Judicial Branch) ¡Revisa tu trabajo! La pulcritud cuenta. Use lápices de colores o marcadores para decorar sus ilustraciones. Deberías haber terminado el Artículo 1 (Poder Legislativo) anoche Hoy completaremos el Artículo 2 (Poder Ejecutivo) y el Artículo 3 (Poder Judicial)

Structure of the Branches (Federal Government) ARTICLE 1 Legislative Branch ARTICLE 2 Executive Branch ARTICLE 3 Judicial Branch CONGRESS House of Representatives 435 members (based on population) Leaders: Speaker of the House House Majority Leader House Minority Leader U.S. Supreme Court 9 Justices Leader Chief Justice Other inferior courts Senate 100 members (2 per state) Leaders: President pro tempore of the Senate Senate Majority Leader Senate Minority Leader President Vice President Cabinet Highlight the leaders of each branch of government. As a side note, the Vice President serves as the head of the Senate, but the role is more ceremonial. The purpose of having the Vice President serve as the head of the Senate is to be a tie breaker should a vote ever split as well as to provide the opportunity for each state to have equal representation in a vote. If the President of the Senate was elected from the Senators, it would remove them from the vote, causing a state to lose one of its voices in the voting process. Majority leaders represent the majority party. Minority leaders represent the minority party. The Chief Justice is one of the nine Justices. There is a Chief Justice and 8 Associate Justices.

Functions of the Branches ARTICLE 1 Legislative Branch (Congress) ARTICLE 2 Executive Branch ARTICLE 3 Judicial Branch Interpret and apply the law Execute the law Make Law Approve the President’s budget Declare war Senate approval/rejection of treaties Senate approval and rejection of Presidential appointments Impeachment (removal from office) Approve or veto Congress’ bills Direct the military Write the federal budget Make foreign policy/treaties Make appointments Grant pardons Decide if laws are unconstitutional Decide court cases Settle cases between 2 or more states Highlight the roles and responsibilities of each branch of government. Students should compare these roles to see how the separation of power prevents corruption in our government system. These functions are found in the United States Constitution under the Article associated with each branch.

Processes of the Federal Government ARTICLE 1 Legislative Branch (Congress) ARTICLE 2 Executive Branch ARTICLE 3 Judicial Branch Interpret and apply the law Execute the law Make Law Processes of the Federal Government

Processes of the Legislative Branch ARTICLE 1 Legislative Branch Congress Make Law Create laws through the lawmaking process Senate confirms and/or denies presidential appointments with a majority vote Selection of members to be on committees Types of committees: Standing Permanent bodies with specific responsibilities including drafting legislation and conducting investigations. Special (Select) Temporary committees formed for special purposes; can be short or long-term. Conference Specially created when the House and Senate need to reconcile different versions of the same bill.

Processes of the Executive Branch ARTICLE 2 Executive Branch Veto legislation To “veto” is to reject a decision or proposal of a law-making body When Congress sends a bill to the President, s/he can… H.B. 1415 Increase the federal minimum wage LAW Execute the law Issue executive orders Executive orders are orders that are issued by the President that have the force of law Sign the bill into law VETO Highlight the roles and responsibilities of each branch of government. Students should compare these roles to see how the separation of power prevents corruption in our government system. Veto the bill Make Appointments The President appoints ambassadors, public ministers, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States Must be confirmed by a majority vote of the Senate

Processes of the Judicial Branch ARTICLE 3 Judicial Branch Interpret and apply the law Judicial review The power of courts to decide the constitutionality of acts of the legislative and executive branches of government. Court orders Order that has been written by a judge requiring someone to do something or stop doing something. Writs of certiorari A writ of certiorari orders a lower court to deliver its record in a case so that the higher court may review it. Summary judgment A case that is decided by a judge without a trial because one or both of the parties contend that all necessary factual issues are settled or so one-sided they need not be tried. http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/article/judicial-review https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/writ_of_certiorari http://dictionary.law.com/default.aspx?selected=2063 Sometimes judges grant summary judgment: Summary judgement: a court order ruling that no factual issues remain to be tried and therefore a cause of action or all causes of action in a complaint can be decided upon certain facts without trial. A summary judgment is based upon a motion by one of the parties that contends that all necessary factual issues are settled or so one-sided they need not be tried.

Whose Job Is It? E=Executive L= Legislative J= Judicial ___ 1. Prints money ___ 2. Enforces the laws ___ 3. Decides what a law means ___ 4. Declares war ___ 5. Includes the president, vice president, and the cabinet E J L E ___ 1. Imprime dinero ___ 2. Hace cumplir las leyes ___ 3. Decide qué significa una ley ___ 4. Declara la guerra ___ 5. Incluye al presidente, vicepresidente y gabinete L E J L E

Whose Job Is It? E=Executive L= Legislative J= Judicial ___ 6. Divided into the House and Senate ___ 7. Punishes pirates! ___ 8. Makes treaties with other countries ___ 9. Can declare laws unconstitutional ___ 10. Selected by the Electoral College L E J E L ___ 6. Dividido en la Cámara y el Senado ___ 7. Castiga a los piratas! ___ 8. Hace tratados con otros países ___ 9. Puede declarar leyes inconstitucionales ___ 10. Seleccionado por el Colegio Electoral L E J E

Whose Job Is It? E=Executive L= Legislative J= Judicial ___ 11. Selected by popular vote ___ 12. Appoints Supreme Court Justices, federal judges, ambassadors and cabinet members ___ 13. Approves presidential appointments ___ 14. Makes a State of the Union address each year ___ 15. Collect taxes E L E L L ___ 11. Seleccionado por voto popular ___ 12. Nombra jueces de la Corte Suprema, jueces federales, embajadores y miembros del gabinete ___ 13. Aprueba nombramientos presidenciales ___ 14. Hace un discurso del Estado de la Unión cada año ___ 15. Recolectar impuestos E L E L

Exit Ticket Where are you on the Learning Goal Scale? 0 1 2 3 4 (circle one) *Explain why you are a ____ on the Learning Scale. Give concrete evidence. ¿Dónde estás en la Escala de objetivos de aprendizaje? 0 1 2 3 4 (encierra en un círculo) * Explica por qué eres ____ en la Escala de Aprendizaje. Dar evidencia concreta.

Homework Create Pictures for Articles 2&3 in your booklet. Go to CNN.com, NPR.org, or BBC.com and read an article that you find fascinating Crea imágenes para los artículos 2 y 3 en tu folleto. Vaya a CNN.com, NPR.org, o BBC.com y lea un artículo que usted encuentra facinating