Ciencias de la tierra II OIL (Session 27) Ciencias de la tierra II
Ciencias de la tierra II Oil Oil is a complex mixture of organic components, the majority are alcanes and aromatic hydrocarbures. Also, there are small amounts of components that contain oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. Ciencias de la tierra II
Ciencias de la tierra II Handwerker, M. (1987) Ciencias de la tierra II
Ciencias de la tierra II Formation of oil Natural gas and oil are formed through a long process (millions of years) of decompostion and transformation of plants and animals of other geological eras. Generally they are found in deposits, in superior layers of porous soil, such as clay and sand. These deposits are covered by hard rock. Ciencias de la tierra II
Factors effecting the formation of Oil We need the correct amount of the following for Oil to be formed Pressure Temperature Density Types of Rock WITH THESE FACTORS IN PLACE, GAS AND OIL MIGRATE AND COLLECT TO FORM POCKETS IN THE ROCK Ciencias de la tierra II
Ciencias de la tierra II Extraction of oil Ciencias de la tierra II
Separation of the composition of oil Apply the fractional distilation method, This consists of separating the components of oil based on their different boiling points (volatility). The molecules that remain after distillation are called heavy residual, they have long carbon chains and are used to fabricated asphalt. Ciencias de la tierra II
Fractions obtaned by oil destillation Ciencias de la tierra II
Ciencias de la tierra II Oil chemistry There is an entire Industry dedicated to obtaining products chemical derivatives of natural gas and oil. Principal products of oil chemistry: Fertilizers Insecticides Synthetic materials Plastics Diverse Polymers Medicines Paint, etc. Ciencias de la tierra II
Ciencias de la tierra II Bibliography Handwerker, M. (1987) Energy Skill Builders: Refining Oil. 1era ed. Estados Unidos de América: Enterprise for Education, Inc. Rakoff, H. et al. (1992) Química Orgánica Fundamental. 1era ed. México: LIMUSA Ciencias de la tierra II