La Formación del Subjuntivo

Los Verbos Regulares  Start with the “Yo” form in the present tense  Switch the endings AR  ER ending ER/IR  AR ending  ***There are NOT any “O” endings in the subjunctive in ANY form.

Ejemplo de AR  HABLAR AR  ER ending HabloHable HablasHables HablaHable HablamosHablemos HabláisHabléis HablanHablen

Ejemplo de ER/IR  COMER Use AR ending ComoComa ComesComas ComeComa ComemosComamos ComéisComáis ComenComan

Los Verbos con Formas Irregulares de “Yo” InfinitivoIndicativo (Presente) Subjuntivo Hacer HagoHaga Tener TengoTenga Venir VengoVenga Poner PongoPonga Salir SalgoSalga Decir DigoDiga Traer TraigoTraiga

Ejemplo de un verbo“GO”  Tener  Tengo Tenga Tengas Tenga Tengamos Tengáis Tengan

A little more… ConocerConozcoConozca ConducirConduzcoConduzca TraducirTraduzcoTraduzca ProducirProduzcoProduzca RecogerRecojoRecoja ConstruirConstruyoConstruya

Spelling Change Verbs -CAR  Spelling change verbs are those who add or change letters to keep the correct sound.  You need to change the”C” to a “Q” in order to keep the hard “K” sound next to an “E”  Marcar  Marque Marques Marque Marquemos Marquéis Marquen Other verbs like this are: Comunicar Tocar Sacar Explicar Colocar

Spelling Change Verbs -GAR  GAR verbs need to add a “U” when the endings are “E” in order to keep the hard “G” sounds.  PAGAR  Pague Pagues Pague Paguemos Paguéis Paguen Other Verbs like this are: Llegar Despegar Jugar Apagar Entregar

Spelling Change Verbs -ZAR  In –ZAR verbs you need to change the “C” to a “Z” in order to keep the soft “C” sounds next to an “E”  Organizar  Organice Organices Organice Organicemos Organicéis Organicen Other verbs like this are: Realizar Empezar Comenzar

Stem Changing Verbs  Remember that there are three types of stem changing verbs. These are not to be confused with spelling change and irregular verbs.  e  ie pensar, cerrar, querer, empezar, fregar  o/u  ue volver, poder, encontrar, rogar, jugar  e  i pedir, servir, repetir

In the subjunctive, MOST of these verbs follow the same pattern as in the regular present. In other words, they do not stem change in the nosotros and vosotros forms Pienso  Piense Piensas  Pienses Piensa  Piense Pensamos  Pensemos Pensáis  Penséis Piensan  Piensen

However…  There is an EXCEPTION to this rule VVerbs that end in IR and stem change too are PROBLEMS!

IIf it ends in –IR, it doesn’t matter what type of stem change it makes, it will follow this pattern: Duermo Duerma Duermes Duermas Duerme Duerma Dormimos ----Durmamos Dormís Durmaís Duermen -----Duerman This is called a “half change.” Notice that it only happens in the Nosotros and Vosotros forms.

Remember.. IIt doesn’t matter what kind of stem change it makes, IF it ends in –IR, it is going to make a half change. Divertirse, morir, pedir, servir, preferir, sentir, mentir, sugerir

Finally…  There are irregulars.  Luckily there are only 5!  IR --- vaya, vayas, vaya…  SER --- sea, seas, sea…  SABER --- sepa, sepas, sepa..  DAR --- dé, des, dé…. (accents)  ESTAR --- esté, estés, esté… (accents) Don’t forget HAY  HAYA