The passive voice

Forma Your father took that photography SubjectVerb direct Object That photography Subject was taken Passive verb by your father Agent

¿Cómo ponemos un verbo en voz pasiva? Identificamos el tiempo verbal en la oración activa (verbo principal) Ponemos el verbo TO BE en ese tiempo verbal Añadimos el participio del verbo principal catch Am / is / are Am / is / are + caught ¡Presente Simple!

Los tiempos en voz pasiva Tense VerbPassive voice Simple Presentgrow Am/Is/Are grown Present Cont.Is /are growing Is/are being grown Simple Pastgrew Was/were grown Present PerfectHas/have grown Has/have been grown Past PerfectHad grown Had been grown Future 1 Will growWill be grown

Tense VerbPassive voice Future 2 Is/are going to grow Is/are going to be grown ConditionalWould grow Would be grown Perfect FutureWill have grown Will have been grown Perfect Condit. Would have grown Would have been grown Present Infinitive To grow To be grown Perfect Infinitive To have grown To have been grown being grownGrowingPresent Participle Past Participlehaving grown having been grown

Let’s practice! John wrote a letter. They have just built a new house. We will build a new house. My brother is chasing me. The maid is going to clean all the house for tomorrow

Other types of passive 1.- Indirect Object passive 2.- “Pasiva refleja” 3.- Have something done

1.- Indirect Object passive The headmaster will give her a trophy SubjectverbdOiO by the headmaster Agent A trophy Subject will be given p. verb to her iO by the headmaster Agent will be given p. verb a trophy dO She subject

Some sentences Kevin asked Denise a question A question was asked to Denise by Kevin Denise was asked a question by Kevin The teacher told us a joke A joke was told to us by the teacher We were told a joke by the teacher

Let’s practice! 1.John would give a bar of chocolate to Jill. 2. I lent a pencil to Graham. 3. Fiona has told the truth to Julian. 4. They offer the job to Simon. 5. The boss will show the new computer to Anna.

To bear in mind: La voz pasiva se utiliza mucho más en inglés que en castellano La construcción de pasiva con complemento indirecto NO es posible en castellano No siempre añadimos el complemento agente. Hay cuatro casos en los que lo evitamos Con los verbos modales, se usa el infinitivo pasivo (be + participio pasado): You must shut these doors: These doors must be shut

¿Cuándo no hay C.Ag? a)Cuando es evidente qui é n realiza la acci ó n. Your hand will be X-rayed b)Cuando no sabemos, o al menos no exactamente, qui é n realiza la acci ó n. My car has been moved! c)Cuando el sujeto de la oraci ó n activa es People o un you o one impersonal. People prefer television to books Television is preferred to books One sees / You see this kind of advertisement everywhere This kind of advertisement is seen everywhere d)Cuando, por lo que sea, nos interesa m á s la acci ó n en s í que qui é n la lleva a cabo. The house next door has been bought

2.- “Pasiva refleja” Se dice que el invierno en Ávila es muy frío They say that winter in Avila is very cold It is said that winter in Avila is very cold Winter in Avila is said to be very cold

2.- “Pasiva refleja” Se decía que el invierno en Ávila era muy frío They said that winter in Avila was very cold It was said that winter in Avila was very cold Winter in Avila was said to have been very cold

Para el 2º verbo Present e Pasado To + infinitive To have + participl e

Let’s practice People thought that Henry was in love with Claire Everyone expects that the soap opera “Round the Corner” will end next year Lots of people believe that the Prime Minister and his wife have separated Journalists suppose that the footballer Cristiano Ronaldo is earning €21 million a year Someone reported that the king had suffered a heart attack

3.- Have something done He cut his hair He had his hair cut

HAVE SOMETHING DONE are having a new garagebuiltMy parents had his suitscleanedMike haveyour carrepairedYou should have had their nailsdone Your sisters

Some sentences: He paints his shoes He is mending his car She watered her garden I will repair the roof She has been taking photos