Mi gran libro del pasado Front cover
Verbos regulares pretéritos “ar” preterite verb endings An example of “ar” verb conjugated in preterite An example sentence Page 1 “er/ir” preterite verb endings An example of an “er” and “ir” verb conjugated in preterite Example sentences Page 2
Irregulares Ir –to go/ Ser- to be – Conjugations Hacer – to do/make – Conjugations Page 3 Ver – to see – Conjugations Dar – to give – Conjugations Page 4
Verbos con raíces y terminaciones irregulares Andar – anduv Caber – cup Estar – estuv Poder – pud* Poner – pus Querer – quis* Saber – sup* Tener – tuv Venir – vin *Include special meanings for these verbs in preterite as well as for “conocer” Page 5 Special endings (fill in info) Example sentences of those with irregular meanings Page 6
A continuación Conducir – conduj (to drive) Decir – dij (to say/tell) Traer – traj (to bring) Endings e imos iste isteis o eron Page 7 Cambios ortográficos (spelling changes) Apuntes Verbs that end in –aer, -eer, oír, and –oer have “i” to “y” spelling change in 3 rd person singular and plural All other “i’s” are accented (except “construir” Verbos así – caer (to fall), leer (to read), oír (to hear), poseer (to possess) Page 8
Verbos con cambios de raíces Apuntes Only “ir” verbs change stem in the preterite Verbs that change “o-ue” in present change “o- u” in preterite Verbs that change “e-ie” or “e- i” in the present change “e-i” in preterite These changes occur only in 3 rd person sing. (él, ella, ud.) and plural (ellos/as, uds.) Verbos así e-i (see board for list) o-u Dormir Dormídormimos Dormiste dormisteis Durmiódurmieron Seguir Seguíseguimos Seguisteseguisteis Siguiósiguieron
Verbos de –car, -gar, zar These spelling changes occur only in “yo” form Since they are “ar” verbs, the ending after the spelling change will be “é” Spelling Changes – Car: “c” to “qu” – Gar: “g” to “gu” – Zar: “z” to “c” Ejemplos – Buscar – busqué – Pagar – pagué – Almorzar – almorcé
A continuar -car-gar Sacar – to take outjugar – to play Tocar – to touch/playllegar – to arrive Aparcar – to park pagar – to pay Empacar – to pack negar – to refuse/ Practicar – to practice deny Buscar – to look for -zar Almorzar – to eat lunch Cazar – to hunt Comenzar/empezar – to begin/start Cruzar – to cross Organizar – to organize Tropezarse – to tri p
El imperfecto -arer/ir aba ábamosíaíamos abas abais íasíais aba aban ía ían Hablarvivir Hablaba hablábamosvivíavivíamos Hablabas hablabaisvivíasvivíais Hablaba hablaban vivíavivían
Los irregulares (en el imperfecto) Ir – to go ser – to be Iba íbamoseraéramos Ibas ibaiseraserais Ibaiban eraeran Ver – to see veía veíamos veías veíais veía veían
El pretérito Apuntes Actions that have definite beginning and end in past Tells specifically when an action took place Used for actions that happened a specific number of times Specific events that happen within the setting Ejemplos Ellos limpiaron la casa por 3 horas. – They cleaned the house for 3 hours. Fuimos a la playa el fin de semana pasado. – We went to the beach last weekend. ¿Visitaste a tu abuela 2 veces ayer? – Did you visit your grandma twice yesterday?
El imperfecto Apuntes “was”ing, “were”ing, “used to” Tells in general when an action took place Use to set the scene (age, time, weather, on-going/background actions) Ejemplos Siempre íbamos al zoo cuando era joven. – We always used to go to the zoo when I was young. Cada invierno, visitábamos a nuestra familia en Canadá. – Each winter we used to visit our family in Canada Hacía buen tiempo. – The weather was nice. Cuando yo tenía 8 años, fuimos a Florida. (imp. & pret.) – When I was 8 years old, we went to Florida.