Patterns of Organization

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Patterns of Organization Text Structure Patterns of Organization

Los patrones de organización Estructura del texto Los patrones de organización

What is Text Structure? How information in a passage is organized We will study five common patterns: Chronological Cause and Effect Compare and Contrast Problem and Solution Main Idea and Details

¿Cuál es la estructura del texto ? Es cómo la información se estructura por escrito Hay cinco estructuras de texto comunes . 1. cronológico 2. causa y efecto 3. comparación y contraste 4. problema y la solución 5. idea principal y los detalles

Chronological/Chronologico Information is organized in order of time. La información está organizada en el orden del tiempo. Chrono = time Logic = order Example Jill came tumbling after. Jack and Jill ran up the hill to fetch a pail of water. Jack fell down and broke his crown. ALL stories are told chronologically. Todas las historias son contadas cronológicamente

Cause and Effect/Causa y efecto An action and its results are explained. Una acción y sus resultados se explican. Cause/Causa Effect/Efecto Students did not learn the material/Los estudiantes no estudiaron para el examen. They performed poorly on the test./ Ellos no hicieron bien en la prueba Don’t confuse with chronological. Won’t have a beginning, middle, and end. Time won’t progress much.

Compare and Contrast/ Comparación y Contraste Tells how two things are similar and different/ Explica cómo las cosas son similares y diferentes Apples & Oranges/ Manzanas y naranjas Different/Diferente Alike/ Igual Both are fruits. Ambos son frutas 1. People don’t eat orange skins. La gente no come pieles de naranja Both have skin. Ambos tienen pieles Oranges have more juice. Naranjas tienen más jugo

Property is being spray painted. Require a license to buy spray paint. Problem and Solution A problem and answer are suggested. Problem Solution Property is being spray painted. Require a license to buy spray paint. Don’t confuse with cause and effect. It is presented as a PROBLEM.

Sequence / Process Writing Information is listed step-by-step. Explains how to do it or how it happens. 4. Flip omelet. Don’t confuse with chronological! 3. Cook on one side. 2. Add cheese. Does not occur at a specific time. 1. Crack a few eggs.

Descriptive/descriptivo Descriptive Writing Describes something in order of space./ Describe algo con el fin de espacio. Describes how something looks./describe cómo se ve algo TIME DOESN’T PASS in these passages. My bedroom A television across from the bed. Two windows on the west Wall A bed in the middle. A closet by the TV

Main Idea and Detail/Idea principal y detalles The author organizes information around a main idea and provides supporting details and examples. El autor organiza la información en torno a una idea principal y ofrece detalles de apoyo y ejemplos. https://www.brainpop.com/english/freemovies/mainidea/

Tips to Identify Ask, “what is the author doing in this paragraph?” Put it in your own words. Have a hunch? Use the graphic organizer to see if the info fits. Look for signal words.

Practice Read each passage. Determine how the text is organized: cause and effect, compare and contrast, chronological order, sequence / process writing, problem and solution, or spatial / descriptive. Write your answer.

Popular Sports Football and baseball are two of the most popular sports in the country. They have many things in common. For one, they are both team sports, and they both require players to advance to an end or “home” point on the playing field. However, football requires players to carry the ball to the end zone, whereas in baseball, it is the defending team that controls the ball while it is in play. El fútbol y el béisbol son dos de los deportes más populares del país . Tienen muchas cosas en común . Por un lado, los dos son deportes de equipo, y ambos requieren que los jugadores para avanzar a un punto de " casa" extremo o en el campo de juego . Sin embargo , el fútbol requiere que los jugadores para llevar el balón a la zona de anotación , mientras que en el béisbol , es el equipo que defiende que controla el balón mientras está en juego .

The Magic Blanket One day while walking home from school, he found a magic blanket. When he covered himself with it, he turned invisible. At first he used his power to play all kinds of tricks on people. He’d turn invisible and hide things, or move a cup when someone was pouring juice to make a mess. He had a lot of fun. But then one day, he found that he couldn’t take the blanket off. He was just stuck invisible. He quit playing tricks on people, hoping that he’d be able to take the blanket off and rejoin society, but it didn’t work. He is still invisible somewhere right now, and he is very lonely. Un día, mientras caminaba hacia su casa desde la escuela , se encontró una manta mágica. Cuando se cubrió con ella , se volvió invisible. Al principio se utilizó su poder para reproducir todo tipo de trucos en las personas. Él había vuelta invisible y ocultar las cosas, o mover una taza cuando alguien estaba derramando jugo para hacer un lío . Tenía un montón de diversión . Pero entonces, un día , se encontró con que no podía tomar la manta . Estaba atrapado invisible. Dejó de jugar bromas a la gente , con la esperanza de que él sería capaz de tomar la manta y reinsertarse en la sociedad , pero no funcionó . Él sigue siendo invisible en algún lugar en este momento, y él se siente muy sola .

Studying for a Test Believe it or not, as important as it is, many students do not know how to study for a test. Well, studying for a test is easy. The first thing that you must do is take out your notes. Open your notes up to the section that you are supposed to review. Read what you wrote in your notebook. When you are done, close your notebook and see if you remember the ideas that you were studying. Still don’t remember? Open your notebook back up a try again. Lo creas o no , tan importante como lo es , muchos estudiantes no saben cómo estudiar para un examen. Bueno, estudiar para un examen es fácil. Lo primero que debes hacer es tomar tus notas. Abran sus notas hasta la sección que se supone que revisar. Lea lo que escribió en su cuaderno. Cuando haya terminado , cierre el ordenador portátil y ver si te acuerdas de las ideas que se estaban estudiando . ¿Todavía no te acuerdas? Abra su portátil de nuevo otra vez una oportunidad .

Low Test Scores Many students have been getting low scores on tests and this is upsetting to parents, teachers, and students. Low test scores show that teachers aren’t teaching effectively or that students aren’t learning. Either way it’s an issue with which we are concerned. I propose the following: any teacher who is giving a test should open up their classroom for study groups the night and morning before the test. Maybe by giving students extra opportunities to study, we can improve students’ test scores. Muchos estudiantes han estado recibiendo bajos puntajes en las pruebas y esto es molesto para los padres , maestros y estudiantes. Las puntuaciones bajas de las pruebas muestran que los maestros no enseñan efectivamente o que los estudiantes no están aprendiendo. De cualquier manera es un problema con el que nos ocupa . Propongo lo siguiente: cualquier profesor que está dando una prueba debe abrir su salón de clases para grupos de estudio de la noche y la mañana antes de la prueba . Tal vez dando a los estudiantes oportunidades adicionales para estudiar, podemos mejorar resultados de las pruebas de los estudiantes.

Peanut Butter and Jelly After a long day at school, I came home and watched “Cops,” my favorite show. During the commercial breaks, I got up and made a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. I took the bread out of the cabinet, spread the jelly and peanut butter on the bread, and stuck the two pieces together. I enjoyed that sandwich as I watched the rest of “Cops.” Después de un largo día en la escuela , llegué a casa y vi " Cops ", mi programa favorito . Durante las pausas comerciales , me levanté e hice un sándwich de mantequilla de maní y jalea. Tomé el pan fuera del gabinete , extendí la jalea y mantequilla de maní en el pan , y metí las dos piezas juntas . Disfruté ese sándwich mientras veía el resto de " Cops ".

The Gym Room The gym room at the high school down the street from me is huge. Along the North and South walls are bleachers that fold up during gym. Coach pulls the bleachers out for big games. At the end of the East and West walls are basketball hoops. The ceilings are very high and at the top of the gym are many large windows. The windows go all the way around the gym. There are also ropes that are either tucked away or hang from the ceilings in the middle of the gym. The ropes intimidate some students. That gym is my favorite place. El sitio de la gimnasia en la escuela secundaria por la calle de mí es enorme. A lo largo de las paredes norte y sur son gradas que se pliegan en el gimnasio . El entrenador tira de las gradas por los grandes partidos . Al final de las paredes este y oeste son aros de baloncesto . Los techos son muy altos y en la parte superior del gimnasio son muchos grandes ventanales. Las ventanas van todo el camino alrededor del gimnasio . También hay cuerdas que, o bien se encuentran escondidos o cuelgan de los techos en medio del gimnasio. Las cuerdas intimidan a algunos estudiantes. Eso gimnasio es mi lugar favorito .

Eligibility Being involved in after school sports and clubs is not a right. It is a privilege. Therefore, students have to meet eligibility requirements. If students have any “D”s or “F”s, they are not allowed to play. Also, if students have behavior issues in class, they cannot be on the team or in the club. Lastly, students need to keep good attendance. If students miss school, they most certainly cannot come to practice. Being on a team is a lot of responsibility. If students are not proving to be responsible, they will not be permitted to be in clubs or teams. Estar involucrado en deportes después de clases y clubes no es un derecho . Es un privilegio . Por lo tanto , los estudiantes tienen que cumplir con los requisitos de elegibilidad . Si los estudiantes tienen ningún "D" s o "F" s , que no se les permite jugar. Además, si los estudiantes tienen problemas de comportamiento en clase , no pueden estar en el equipo o en el club. Por último , los estudiantes necesitan para mantener una buena asistencia . Si los estudiantes faltan a la escuela , que sin duda no pueden venir a la práctica. Estar en un equipo es una gran responsabilidad . Si los estudiantes no están demostrando ser responsable, no se les permitirá estar en clubes o equipos.

Answers Compare and contrast Chronological Sequence or process writing Problem and solution Main Idea and Detail Cause and effect