Subjunctive Tense Subjunctive Tense is a mood where the verb shows the subject’s attitude. In a nutshell: Subjunctive shows a wish, want or desire along with uncertainty. Wish Emotion Desire Doubt Impersonal Expressions Negation Grief

Verbs that require subjunctive Wish*: querer, desear, preferir, mandar, necesitar Emotion: alegrarse (de), temer, sentir, enojarse, qué bueno que Desire*: esperar, recomendar, aconsejar, sugerir, pedir Doubt: dudar, es dudoso que, no estoy seguro que Impersonal Expressions: es importante que, es necesario que, ojalá que, es interesante que, es posible que, puede ser que Negation: No creo que, No pienso que Grief: Es una lástima que, Qué triste que *Wish and Desire are the same thing. The verbs may be placed in either category.

How to form Subjunctive Tense Hablar Yo formhablo AR Verbs put “e” on end Hablehablemos Hables Hablehablen Comer Yo formcomo ER/IR verbs put “a” on end Comacomamos Comas Comacoman Escribir

Subjunctive with two clauses Subjunctive requires two clauses and two subjects connected by a “que”. I hope that she reads the book. Yo espero que ella lea el libro. (Main clause)(subordinate clause) (Present Tense)(Subjunctive tense) He suggests that we leave. They prefer that she call later. She wants me to come with her. Quiere que yo venga.

Subjunctive with stem changers Verbs that stem change in present also stem change in subjunctive. Pensar pienso Piensepensemos Pienses Piensepiensen Poder puedo Puedapodamos Puedas Puedapuedan Stem changing IR verbs have a stem change in the nostros form. o to ue (nosotros stem “u” e to ie or e to i (nosotros stem “i”) Dormirduermo Duermadurmamos Duermas Duermaduerman

Subj. with stem changers cont… Servir sirvo Sentir siento Morir muero Pedir pido

Common Irregular Verbs in Subj. Dar- dé, des, de, demos, den Estar- esté, estés, esté, estemos, estén Haber- haya,hayas,haya, hayamos, hayan Ir- vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayan Saber- sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepan Ser- sea, seas, sea, seamos, sean Tener- tenga, tengas, tenga, tengamos, tengan Caber- quepa, quepas, quepa, quepamos, quepan

CAR/GAR/ZAR verbs in Subj. Buscar busco Llegarllego Almorzar almuerzo Gozar gozo

Subj. with impersonal expressions It is important that you study. It is important to study.(No subject and no que) It is necessary that we leave at 7:00. It is necessary to leave at 7:00. (Non subject and no que)

Subj. with indefinite or nonexistent situations(uncertain) I am looking for a house that is close to the beach. Busco una casa que esté cerca de la playa. There is a house that is close to the beach. Hay una casa que está cerca de la playa. I need a teacher that is nice. Necesito un profesor que sea simpático. She wants a watch that works well. (funcionar) Ella quiere un reloj que funcione bien.

Adverbial Conjunctions that are always Subjunctive The following adverbial conjunctions when followed by a subordinate (2 nd ) clause, even if the action is habitual. A menos queunless Antes (de) quebefore Con tal (de)queprovided that En caso de quein case Para queso that Sin quewithout I won’t go to the store unless you want to go. No voy a la tienda a menos que quieras ir. I have candy in case he is hungry. Tengo dulces en caso de que tenga hambre.

Adverbial conjunctions that are SOMETIMES Subjunctive Aunque- although, even though, even if Como- as, however, how Cuando- when Después de que- after Donde- where En cuanto- as soon as Hasta que- until Mientras- while Según- according to, as Tan pronto (como)- as soon as

Adverbial Conjunctions cont. If main clause is in future or imperative, subordinate clause is ALWAYS subjunctive. Voy a llamar a Juana cuando ella llegue a casa. I will call Juana when she arrives home. Comeremos después de que terminemos la tarea. We will eat after we finish the homework Comeremos después de terminar la tarea.

Adverbial conjunctions cont. If the main clause is in present tense, the subordinate clause is ALWAYS in the present tense or preterit tense. Yo estudio español cuando voy a la casa de Ana. I study Spanish when I go to Ana’s house. Yo puedo comer pizza hasta que me enfermo. I can eat pizza until I get sick.