El complemento directo y el complemento indirecto del verbo en español SPAN 101- SPAN102 (W2010)

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Transcripción de la presentación:

El complemento directo y el complemento indirecto del verbo en español SPAN 101- SPAN102 (W2010)

What are objects?  Objects are nouns or pronouns indicating towards what or whom the action of the verb is directed. Paul writes a message.  Who are we talking about?  Paul. Paul is the subject.  What does he do?  He writes. To write is the verb.  What does he write?  A message. “a message” is the object.

Paul speaks to Mary  Who is the subject?  Paul.  What is the verb?  “speaks”. To speak.  Who is the object of the verb?  “Mary”.

En español: Una cosa como complemento del verbo Pablo escribe un mensaje.  ¿Quién hace algo?  Pablo. Él es el sujeto.  ¿Qué hace?  Escribe. Escribir es el verbo.  ¿Qué escribe?  Un mensaje. Este es el complemento del verbo.

Una persona como complemento del verbo Pablo ve a María  ¿Quién hace algo?  Pablo. Es el sujeto.  ¿Qué hace?  Ve. Ver es el verbo.  ¿A quién ve?  “a María”. Para introducir a María se usa la “a” personal.

Direct object. El complemento directo  A direct object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action of the verb directly. It answers the question ¿quién? or ¿qué? after the verb.  Ejemplos:  Juan lee la revista.  Ana y Jaime tocan la guitarra.  Ernesto come arroz con pollo.  Nosotros estudiamos español.  ¿Visitas a tus abuelos?  Veo a mi hija.

Pronombres usados como complemento directo.  A pronoun is a word used in place of one or more nouns. It may stand for a person, thing, animal, place, event, action, or idea. They are used to avoid repetition.  In Spanish the pronouns used as objects are different from those used as subjects.  Both direct and indirect object pronouns are usually placed before the verb.

Pronombres personales como complemento directo SingularPlural me nosus teyou (fam.)os (España)you (fam.) lo you (masc., form.) him, it (masc.) los you (masc., form) them (masc.) la you (fem., formal) her, it (fem.) las you (fem., form.) them (fem.)

 Juan tiene el libro  Juan ___ tiene.  Ellos ven a María.  Ellos ___ ven.  Yo no veo los libros.  Yo no ___ veo.  Ellas tienen el dinero.  Ellas ___ tienen

 Juan tiene el libro  Juan lo tiene.  Ellos ven a María.  Ellos la ven.  Yo no veo los libros.  Yo no los veo.  Ellas tienen el dinero.  Ellas lo tienen

 ¿Dónde compras la ropa?  La compro en GAP.  ¿Conoces al presidente de los Estados Unidos?  No, no lo conozco.  ¿Ves las estrellas ahora?  No, no las veo.

Indirect Object (El complemento indirecto)  An indirect object is a noun or a pronoun that receives the action of the verb indirectly.  It answers the question To or for whom? Or for what? (“a quién” or “a qué” ) after the verb in a sentence or clause.  Another way of looking at it is to say that the indirect object tells us where the direct object is going.  I give the suitcase to you  What do I give? The suitcase.  To whom? To you: You is where the suitcase is going.

Pronombres como complemento indirecto SingularPlural me(to, for) menos(to, for) us te(to, for) you (fam.)os (España)(to, for) you le (to, for) you (form.) (to, for) him (to, for) her les (to, for) you (to, for) them (masc., fem.)

Indirect Object Pronouns  In Spanish, when an indirect object refers to a person an indirect object pronoun must be added before the verb. For instance:  Te doy la maleta.  ¿Me prestas un lápiz?  If emphasis or clarification is required, personal “a” is introduced:  Te presto el lápiz a ti.  Le doy la maleta a mi tío y le doy la llave a mi tía.

 La doctora ___ recomienda hacer ejercicio.  ___ sugiero que estudies más.  ___ quiero preguntar algo a Ud., profesora.  En la residencia ___ dan pasta todos los lunes.  Elena no ___ prepara el desayuno a sus hijos.

 La doctora me recomienda hacer ejercicio.  Te sugiero que estudies más.  Le quiero preguntar algo a Ud, profesora.  En la residencia nos dan pasta todos los lunes.  Elena no les prepara el desayuno a sus hijos.

Pron. complemento indirecto e directo juntos  Posibles combinaciones de pronombres como complemento indirecto y directo juntos: Me Te+lo, la, los las Nos Se (*) * Si los dos pronombres comienzan con “l”, el pronombre como complemento indirecto “se” reemplaza a “le” o “les”.

 ¿Vas a mandarme las fotos?  Sí, te las voy a mandar.  No, no voy a mandártelas.  Te las estoy mandando.  Estoy mandándotelas.

Adapted from:  Richmond, Dorothy. Spanish Pronouns and Prepositions. Lincolnwood: Passport Books,  Spinelly, Emily. English Grammar for Students of Spanish: The Study Guide for Those Learning Spanish. s.l.: Olivia & Hill, 2003.