Capítulo 7 De viaje

Vocabulario

Los verbos anunciar to announce bajarse (de) to get down (from); to get off (of a vehicle) contar (cuento) to tell, narrate dar to give decir to say, to tell encantar: to like very much, entregar to hand in explicar to explain fumar to smoke gustar to be pleasing interesar to interest (someone)

Los verbos.. mandar to send mostrar to show odiar to hate ofrecer to offer prestar to lend prometer to promise quejarse (de) to complain (about) recomendar to recommend regalar to give (as a gift) subir (a) to go up; to get on (a vehicle)

De viaje…. el aeropuerto airport la agencia de viajes travel agency el/la agente de viajes travel agent el asiento seat el/la asistente de vuelo: flight attendant el autobús bus el avión airplane el barco boat, ship el billete/ el boleto ticket de ida one way ticket de ida y vuelta round-trip ticket

De viaje,,, la cabina cabin (on a ship) la clase turística tourist class, coach la cola line (of people) el crucero cruise (ship) la demora delay el equipaje baggage, luggage la estación station de autobuses bus station del tren train station

De viaje… la llegada arrival la maleta suitcase el maletero porter el pasaje fare, price (of a transportation ticket el/la pasajero/a: passenger el pasillo aisle la primera clase first class el puerto port la sala de espera waiting room la sala de fumar/fumadores smoking area la salida departure

De viaje el tren train la ventanilla small window el vuelo flight facturar el equipaje to check baggage guardar (un puesto) to save a place (in line) hacer cola to stand in line hacer escala/parada to make stop hacer la(s) maleta(s) to pack one’s suitcase pasar por el control to go/pass through security de seguridad

De viaje…. Ir en……. to go/ travel by………… autobus bus avión plane barco boat, ship tren train

En el aeropuerto Página 234

Los medios de transporte

Ir en……….

El viaje

Ejercicio A. B. C. pp. 235-236

De vacaciones Pagina 236

De vacaciones la camioneta station wagon, van el camping campground la fotografía photo(graph) el mar sea la montaña mountain el océano ocean la tienda(de campana) tent

Repaso: la playa estar de vacaciones to be on vacation hacer camping to go camping Ir de vacaciones a… to go on vacation to/in… nadar to swim pasar las vacaciones en…. to spend one’s vacations in….. sacar fotos to take photos salir de vacaciones to leave on vacation tomar el sol to sunbathe tomar unas vacaciones to take a vacation a tiempo on time de viaje traveling, on a trip

Indirect Object Pronouns Expressing to who(m) or for who(m)

Indirect Object Pronouns me to/for me te to/for you (fam. Sing.) le to/ for you (form. Sing.) him, her, it nos to/ for us os to/for you (fam. pl.) les to/for you (form. pl.), them OJO: Note that indirect object pronouns have the same form as direct object pronouns, except in the third person:le,les.

Indirect Object Pronouns Indirect object nouns and pronouns are the second recipient of the action of the verb. They usually answer the question to whom? Or for whom? In relation to the verb. The word to is frequently omitted in English. Indirect Object: a noun or pronoun that indicates to who(m) or for who(m) an action is performed.

Indirect Object…… Indicate the direct and indirect objects in the following sentences: I’m giving her the present tomorrow Could you tell me the answer now? El profesor nos va a hacer algunas preguntas ¿No me compras una revista ahora?

B. Like direct object pronouns, indirect object pronouns (los pronombres de complemento indirecto) are placed immidiately before a conjugated verb. They may be also attached to an infinitive or a present participle

Ejemplos…… No, no te presto el coche No, I won’t lend you the car Voy a guardarte el asiento Te voy a guardar el asiento I’ll save your seat for you Le estoy escribiendo una carta a Marisol Estoy escribiéndole una carta a Marisol I’m writing Marisol a letter

As with direct object pronouns, indirect object pronouns are attached to the affirmative command form and precede the negative command form

Ejemplos….. Sírvanos un café, por favor Serve us some coffee, please No me dé su número de teléfono ahora Don’t give me your phone number now

D. Since le and les have several different equivalents, their meaning is often clarified or emphasized with the preposition a followed by a pronoun (object of a preposition)

Ejemplos……. Voy a mandarle un telegrama a Ud. (a él, a ella) I’m going to send you (him, her) a telegram Les hago una comida a Uds. (a ellos, a ellas) I’m making you (them) a meal

E. Whith third person forms, it is common for a Spanish sentence to contain both the indirect object noun and the indirect object pronoun

Ejemplos…….. Vamos a contarle el secreto a Juan Let’s tell Juan the secret ¿Les guardo los asientos a Jorge y Marta? Shall I save the seat for Jorge and Marta?

F. Here are some verbs frequently used with indirect objects F. Here are some verbs frequently used with indirect objects. Be sure you know their meaning before starting the activities in the Practica section:

Verbos…. contar (cuento) to tell, narrate entregar (gu) to hand in escribir to write explicar (qu) to explain hablar to speak mandar to send mostrar (muestro) to show ofrecer (ofrezco) to offer

Más verbos pedir (pido) to ask for preguntar to ask (a question) prestar to lend prometer to promise recomendar(recomiendo) to recommend regalar to give (as a gift) servir (sirvo) to serve

Dar and decir Página 242

Dar and decir are most always used with indirect object pronouns in Spanish ¿Cuando me das el dinero? When will you give me the money? ¿Por qué no le dice Ud. La verdad, señor? Why don’t you tell him/her the truth, sir?

Dar…. To give Decir…. To tell doy damos das -------- da dan digo decimos dices --------- dice dicen

Dar and decir Dar and decir also have irregular formal command forms. There is a written accent on dé to distinguish it from the preposition de Formal commands of dar and decir: da → dé, den decir → diga, digan

OJO: In Spanish there are two verbs for to give: dar (to give in general) and regalar (to give as a gift). Also do not confuse decir (to say or to tell) with hablar (to speak) or contar (to tell, narrate).

Práctica C., D. y E. Páginas 243-244

Expressing Likes and Dislikes Página 245

Constructions with gustar Spanish: me gusta la playa Literal equivalent: The beach is pleasing to me English Phrasing: I like the beach Spanish: No le gustan sus cursos Literal equivalent: His courses are not pleasing to him English Phrasing: He does’t like his courses

Gustar…… Gustar does not literally mean to like, but rather to be pleasing: Me gusta viaja Traveling is pleasing to me (I like to travel) Me gustan los viajes de aventura Adventurous trips are pleasing to me (I like adventurous trips.)

Gustar……………….. Gustar is always used with an indirect object pronoun: Someone is pleasing to someone else. The verb must agree with the subject of the sentence; that is, the person or thing that is pleasing

Ejemplos………. Me gusta este asiento de pasillo This aisle seat is pleasing to me (I like this aisle seat) No me gustan los asientos de ventanilla Window seats are not pleasing to me. (I don’t like window seats) Me gusta mucho volar en avión Flying is really pleasing to me. (I really like to fly)

Gustar……… B. When the person pleased is stated as a noun, the phrase a + noun must be used in addition to the indirect object pronoun. The preposition phrase usually appears before the indirect object pronoun, bur it can also appears after the verb. OJO: The indirect pronoun must be used with gustar even when the prepositional phrase a + noun or pronoun is used.

Ejemplos………. A David no le gustan los aviones No le gustan los aviones a David Davis does’t like airplanes A Raquel y a Arturo les gusta viajar en las vacaciones Les gusta viajar en las vacaciones a Raquel y a Arturo Raquel and Arturo like to travel while on vacation

Gustar….. C. A phrase with a + pronoun is often used for clarification or emphasis. The prepositional phrase can appear before the indirect object pronoun or after the verb OJO: Mí (accent) and ti (no accent) are used as the object of most prepositions, except conmigo and contigo. Subject pronouns (Ud., él, ella,..) are used as the object of all prepositions for all the persons.

CLARIFICATION ¿Le gusta a Ud. viajar. ¿Le gusta a él viajar CLARIFICATION ¿Le gusta a Ud. viajar? ¿Le gusta a él viajar? Do you like to travel? Does he like to travel? EMPHASIS A mí me gusta viajar en avión, pero a mi esposo le gusta viajar en coche, Y a ti ¿En qué te gusta viajar? I like to travel by plane, but my husband like to travel by car. How do you like to travel?

Would like / Would’t like What one would or would not like to do is expressed with the form gustaría + infinitive and the appropriate indirect object Ejemplos: A mí me gustaría viajar a Colombia I would like to travel to Colombia Nos gustaría hacer camping este verano We would like to go camping this summer

Práctica A.Paso 1, 2 y B. Página 247

Preterite of Regular Verbs Página 250

Verbs –AR, -ER, and -IR Hablar(to speak) comer (to eat) vivir (to live) hablé comí viví hablaste comiste viviste habló comió vivió hablamos comimos vivimos hablasteis comisteis vivimos hablaron comieron vivieron

El pretérito The preterite has several equivalents in English. For example, hablé can mean I spoke or I did speak. The preterite is used to report finished, completed actions or states of being in the past. If the action or state of being is viewed as completed, no matter how long it lasted or took to complete, it will be expressed with the preterit

El pretérito…… Note that nosotros forms of regular preterites for –ar and –ir verbs are the same as the present tense forms. Context usually helps determine meaning

Ejemplos……. Pasé dos meses en el Caribe I spent two months in the Caribbean El verano pasado hicimos camping en Puerto Rico Last sommer we went camping in Puerto Rico Ayer hablamos del viaje con nuestros amigos. Hoy hablamos con el agente de viaje a las dos de la tarde Yesterday we spoke about the trip with our friends. Today we’re speaking with the travel agent at 2:00 P.M.

Ver…… Note the accent mark on the first and third person singular of the preterite tense. These accent marks are dropped in the conjugation of ver: vi, vio Ver: vi vimos viste visteis vio vieron

despertar y volver -ar and -er stem-changing verbs show no stem change in the preterite. -ir stem-changing verbs do show a change Despertar(despierto): desperté, despertaste…… Volver(vuelvo): volví, volviste,……

Buscar, pagar, empezar Verbs that end in -car, -gar, and -zar show a spelling change in the first person singular (yo) of the preterite. (This is the same change you have already learned to make in formal commands -car → que busqué, buscaste, buscó buscamos, buscasteis, buscaron -gar → gu pagué, pagaste, pagó pagamos, pagasteis, pagaron -zar → c empecé, empezaste, empezó empezamos, empezasteis, empezaron

An unstressed -i- between two vowels becomes -y- An unstressed -i- between two vowels becomes -y-. Also note the accent on the í in the tú, nosotros, and vosotros forms. Creer Leer Creí creímos leí leímos Creíste creísteis leíste leísteis Creyó creyeron leyó leyeron

Irregular Preterite Form The preterite ending for dar are the same as those used for regular -er/-ir verbs, except that the accent marks are droppped Dar di dimos diste disteis dio dieron

Hacer….. Hizo is spelling with a z to keep the [s] sound of the infinitive hic- + -o → hizo Hacer hice hicimos hiciste hicisteis hizo hicieron

Ir/ser Ir and ser have identical forms in the preterite. Context will make the meaning clear. In addition, forms of ir are often followed by a (as in the first example), so they are easy to spot in the preterite Ir/ser fui fuimos fuiste -------- fue fueron

Ejemplos……. Fui a la playa el verano pasado I went to the beach last summer Fui agente de viajes I was a travel agent

Práctica B. D. Página 253, 255

Más práctica Paso C. pp. 256 Toda la clase Paso B. pp. 257