Los mandatos Espanol 4.2 Commands.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Los mandatos Espanol 4.2 Commands

Commands Commands are used to tell someone what to do. You use them to give orders.

Can be affirmative (+) or negative “Ud.” and “Uds.” commands Types of Commands Formal Informal “tú” commands Can be affirmative (+) or negative “Ud.” and “Uds.” commands Can be affirmative (+) or negative Nosotros “Let’s”

Formal Commands You use formal commands to talk to someone with respect (Ud.), or to address a group (Uds.).

Formation of Formal Commands Formal commands are formed the exact same way we form the subjunctive. Ar verbs Er/Ir verbs Usted Take “-e” for the ending Take “-a” as the ending Ustedes Take “-en” for the ending Take “-an” as the ending

Ejemplos ¡Beba el café! ¡No beba el café!

Ejemplos ¡Tomen apuntes! ¡No tomen apuntes!

Los Irregulares Verbs that are irregular in the subjunctive are also irregular for formal commands. Boot Verbs Special Spelling Changers “Yo” Irregulars Total Irregulars

Boot Verbs (No) cierre (No) juegue* (No) empiece* (No) siga Infinitive Usted Ustedes Cerrar Jugar Empezar Seguir (to follow/continue) Volver (to return) (No) cierre (No) juegue* (No) empiece* (No) siga (No) vuelva (No) cierren (No) jueguen* (No) empiecen* (No) sigan (No) vuelvan *also spelling change to preserve the sound

Special Spelling Changers Infinitive Usted Ustedes Sacar Pagar Buscar Abrazar (to hug) Escoger (to choose) Conducir (to drive) (No) saque (No) pague (No) busque (No) abrace (No) escoja (No) conduzca (No) saquen (No) paguen (No) busquen (No) abracen (No) escojan (No)conduzcan

“Yo” Irregulars (No) diga Decir (No) digan (No) haga Hacer (No) hagan Infinitive Usted Ustedes (No) diga (No) haga (No) vea (No) ponga (No) tenga (No) salga (No) venga (No) caiga Decir Hacer Ver Poner Tener Salir Venir Caer (No) digan (No) hagan (No) vean (No) pongan (No) tengan (No) salgan (No) vengan (No) caigan

Total Irregulars Dar Estar Ir Saber Ser (No) dé (No) esté (No) vaya Infinitive Usted Ustedes Dar Estar Ir Saber Ser (No) dé (No) esté (No) vaya (No) sepa (No) sea (No) den (No) estén (No) vayan (No) sepan (No) sean

Ejemplo ¡Siga el camino! ¡No siga el camino!

Ejemplo ¡Conduzcan lentamente! ¡No conduzcan lentamente!

Ejemplo ¡Ponga su chaqueta en el armario! ¡No ponga su chaqueta

Ejemplos ¡Den su tarea a la Srta. Heller! ¡No den su tarea

Nosotros Commands Comer Vivir Hablar ¡Comamos! ¡Vivamos! ¡Hablemos! Once again the subjunctive form is the key to success for these commands Comer Vivir Hablar ¡Comamos! ¡Vivamos! ¡Hablemos! Beber Escribir Andar ¡Bebamos! ¡Escribamos! ¡Andemos!

Los Irregulares Verbs that are irregular in the subjunctive are also irregular for formal commands. Boot Verbs Special Spelling Changers “Yo” Irregulars Total Irregulars

Boot Verbs (No) cerremos (No) juguemos* (No) empecemos* (No) sigamos Infinitive Nosotros Command Cerrar Jugar Empezar Seguir (to follow/continue) Volver (to return) (No) cerremos (No) juguemos* (No) empecemos* (No) sigamos (No) volvamos *also spelling change to preserve the sound

Special Spelling Changers Infinitive Nosotros Command Sacar Pagar Buscar Abrazar (to hug) Escoger (to choose) Conducir (to drive) (No) saquemos (No) paguemos (No) busquemos (No) abracemos (No) escojamos (No) conduzcamos

“Yo” Irregulars (No) digamos (No) hagamos (No) veamos (No) pongamos Infinitive Nosotros Command (No) digamos (No) hagamos (No) veamos (No) pongamos (No) tengamos (No) salgamos (No) vengamos (No) caigamos Decir Hacer Ver Poner Tener Salir Venir Caer

Total Irregulars Dar Estar Ir Saber Ser (No) demos (No) estemos Infinitive Nosotros Commands Dar Estar Ir Saber Ser (No) demos (No) estemos (No) vayamos (No) sepamos (No) seamos

Levantarse Sentarse Dormirse (to fall asleep) Reflexive Verbs With reflexive verbs the final “s” of the verb drops before adding “nos.” Infinitive Nosotros Command Levantarse Sentarse Dormirse (to fall asleep) Levantemos+nos =levantémonos Sentemos+nos =sentémonos Durmamos+nos =durmámonos

Alternative Forms of the Nosotros Command You can always use “Vamos + a + infinitive” to create a nosotros command.

Ejemplos ¡Invitemos a Ke$ha! ¡Vamos a invitar a Ke$ha!

Ejemplos ¡Abracémonos! ¡Vamos a abrazarnos!

Affirmative “tú” Commands If you want to give a command to a friend or someone with whom you would use “tú” just put the verb in the “él/ella/usted” form of the present tense.

Affirmative “tú” Commands Él lava los platos-He washes the plates (present tense) ¡Lava los platos! Wash the plates! (command)

Affirmative “tú” Commands Comer Vivir Hablar ¡Come! ¡Vive! ¡Habla! Beber Escribir Andar ¡Bebe! ¡Escribe! ¡Anda!

Los Irregulares Decir Di Hacer Haz Ser Sé Ir Ve Poner Pon Tener Ten These eight verbs are irregular in the “affirmative tú” command Decir Di Hacer Haz Ser Sé Ir Ve Poner Pon Tener Ten Salir Sal Venir Ven

Negative “tú” Commands To make a negative “tú” command (telling someone NOT to do something) use the “tú” form of the subjunctive. Ar verbs Er/Ir verbs Take “-es” for the ending Take “-as” as the ending

Ejemplos ¡Come las verduras! ¡No comas las verduras!

Ejemplos ¡Haz ejercicios 1 a 7! ¡No hagas ejercicios 1 a 7!

Ejemplos ¡Habla español! ¡No hables inglés!

Los irregulares Verbs that are irregular in the subjunctive are also irregular for negative “tú” commands. Boot Verbs Special Spelling Changers “Yo” Irregulars Total Irregulars

Boot Verbs Cierra Juega Empieza Sigue Vuelve No cierres No juegues* Infinitive Affirmative “tú” Negative “tú” Cerrar Jugar Empezar Seguir (to follow/continue) Volver (to return) Cierra Juega Empieza Sigue Vuelve No cierres No juegues* No empieces* No sigas No vuelvas *also spelling change to preserve the sound

Special Spelling Changers Infinitive Affirmative “tú” Negative “tú” Sacar Pagar Buscar Abrazar (to hug) Escoger (to choose) Conducir (to drive) Saca Paga Busca Abraza Escoge Conduce No saques No pagues No busques No abraces No escojas No conduzcas

“Yo” Irregulars Decir Hacer Ver Poner Tener Salir Venir Caer Infinitive Affirmative “tú” Negative “tú” Di Haz Ve Pon Ten Sal Ven Cae Decir Hacer Ver Poner Tener Salir Venir Caer No digas No hagas No veas No pongas No tengas No salgas No vengas No caigas

Total Irregulars Dar Estar Ir Saber Ser Da Está Ve Sabe Sé No des Infinitive Affirmative “tú” Negative “tú” Dar Estar Ir Saber Ser Da Está Ve Sabe Sé No des No estés No vayas No sepas No seas

¡Cierra la puerta! ¡No cierres la puerta!

¡Abraza tu abuelo! ¡No abraces tu abuelo!

¡Ven aquí! ¡No vengas aquí!

¡Sé tu mismo! ¡No seas tu mismo!