Electricity 5 th Grade Science Vocabulary 5 th Grade Science Vocabulary

Electricity Everything in the world is made up of atoms. Each atom has smaller parts in it. One of those parts is called electrons. Electrons can move from atom to atom. When an electron moves to a different atom, it causes another electron to have to move. When electrons move quickly from one atom to another it is called Electricity!

Atoms All physical objects are made up of atoms. Inside of atoms are protons, electrons and neutrons. Protons are positively charged. Electrons are negatively charged. Neutrons have a neutral charge. (equal charge)

Charges Most of the time objects have an equal amount of protons and electrons. (no charge) They are neutral. Most of the time objects have an equal amount of protons and electrons. (no charge) They are neutral.

Charges If an object has more protons than electrons; it is positively charged. It will be attracted to an object which is negatively charged. If an object has more electrons than protons; it is negatively charged. It will be attracted to an object which is positively charged. If an object has more protons than electrons; it is positively charged. It will be attracted to an object which is negatively charged. If an object has more electrons than protons; it is negatively charged. It will be attracted to an object which is positively charged.

Opposites Attract + Objects with opposite charges will attract. So a + and – will come together. Objects with the same charges will repel (pull apart). A + and + will repel, so will a – and -.

Lightning One of the most common forms of static electricity is lightning. Negative charges in the clouds are attracted to positive charges on the ground. As the ground takes some of the electrons from the cloud you see the transfer of energy in the form of lightning. One of the most common forms of static electricity is lightning. Negative charges in the clouds are attracted to positive charges on the ground. As the ground takes some of the electrons from the cloud you see the transfer of energy in the form of lightning. Sciences/Atmosphere/Electrical-Phenomena/Lightning/Lightning-3.html

Different objects Some materials like to collect electrons. Rubber Polyester Wood Steel Balloon Some objects let go of their electrons easily. Carpet Glass Silk Rabbit Fur Human Skin

Oh Carpet does not hold onto its electrons very easily so when you rub your rubber shoe soles on the carpet, the rubber collects the electrons. You are then negatively charged and when you touch something else that is positively charged the electrons will jump. This creates a spark.

Static Electricity Static electricity occurs when electrons jump from one place to another. When the object gets near another object with an opposite charge it will either take electrons from the other object or give electrons to it. The spark you see is coming from the electrons moving from one object to the other. Static electricity occurs when electrons jump from one place to another. When the object gets near another object with an opposite charge it will either take electrons from the other object or give electrons to it. The spark you see is coming from the electrons moving from one object to the other _ _ _ _ _ _

Static Electricity and Pollution Factories use static electricity to cut down the amount of pollution exiting from their smokestacks. They charge the smoke with static electricity. When it passes by any charged piece of metal in the smokestack, most of the smoke clings to the metal. This keeps the pollution from going out into the air. Factories use static electricity to cut down the amount of pollution exiting from their smokestacks. They charge the smoke with static electricity. When it passes by any charged piece of metal in the smokestack, most of the smoke clings to the metal. This keeps the pollution from going out into the air.

La electricidad La electricidad es una forma de energía que está creado por el transfer de los electrones.

La carga Una carga es una medida de las partículas positivas o negativas adicionales que un objeto tiene.

la electricidad estática Una fuerza de electricidad que ocurre cuando electrones acumulan encima de un objeto.

Los electrones Los electrones son particulas con una carga negativa.

El relámpago Los relámpagos están formado cuando una nube intercambia electrones con la tierra o otra nube.

Infinitives?? Positivo Negativo Positivo Negativo

Current Electricity Current electricity is the flow of charged particles through an object, usually a circuit.

The steady flow of electricity is called an electric current. A current will move along a wire or a path called a circuit. Circuit means to “go around.”

Circuit A circuit is the path the electricity will flow around. There are three parts to a circuit. Load Power source Pathway (Wire) You can also add a switch but it is not necessary. A circuit is the path the electricity will flow around. There are three parts to a circuit. Load Power source Pathway (Wire) You can also add a switch but it is not necessary.

Load A load is the device or devices that turn on when electricity flows through. The load can be a light bulb, fan, motor; anything that runs off of electricity. Can you think of some loads inside of the classroom? A load is the device or devices that turn on when electricity flows through. The load can be a light bulb, fan, motor; anything that runs off of electricity. Can you think of some loads inside of the classroom?

Power Source A power source is a battery or other device which provides energy for a circuit.

Pathway A pathway is the area of a conductor through which a current is able to move. Copper is good to use for pathways. A pathway is the area of a conductor through which a current is able to move. Copper is good to use for pathways.

Switch A switch is the part of a circuit which can control whether electricity flows through the circuit or not.

Battery A battery is a small device that stores energy in a chemical form.

Circuits put together Load Power source switch pathway

More Circuits Circuits can be either complete or incomplete. To be a complete circuit all the connections including wires, a battery, and a device that uses energy such as a light bulb must be connected together and the light bulb (or other object) must be working.

Incomplete Circuits All the connections including wires, a battery, and a device that uses energy such as a light bulb. In an incomplete circuit, these objects are missing part of the necessary connection and the device that uses energy does not work.

La corriente elécrtica La corriente elécrtica es el flujo de partículas cargadas por un objeto, generalmente un circuito.

El circuito El circuito es el camino en que electricidad viaja.

El receptor de energía El receptor de energía es el dispositivo que se gira cuando la electricidad atraviesa.

La fuenta de energía Una fuente de energía es la batería o el otro dispositivo que crea la energía para un circuito

La ruta de energía La ruta de energía es el área de un conductor a través del cual una corriente pueda moverse.

El interruptor Un interruptor es la pieza de un circuito que pueda controlar si la electricidad atraviesa el circuito o no.

La batería Una batería es una cosa pequeña que mantiene energía en una forma química.

el circuito incompleto El circuito incompleto es un circuito con un hueco y los electrones no pueden atravesar.

el circuito completo El circuito completo es un circuito en que los electrones pueden atravesar.

Series Circuits Series Circuits A series circuit is a circuit that has only one path for the current. If the circuit becomes incomplete all the light bulbs will go off. What would happen to the brightness of the bulb if you added more loads? A series circuit is a circuit that has only one path for the current. If the circuit becomes incomplete all the light bulbs will go off. What would happen to the brightness of the bulb if you added more loads?

Series Circuits continued

Hmmmm? The holidays are approaching and your dad has asked you to help him put some lights on the outside of the house. All day long you worked in the freezing wind to make your house the most bright and beautiful one in the neighborhood. The time has come! Dad flips the switch, and OH NO! There at the very top of the house is not just one, but a whole set of lights that are not working. Frustrated, but not defeated, dad climbs the ladder and removes the light set. He discovers that one little light bulb caused all of the problems. Why did this happen? scibertext The holidays are approaching and your dad has asked you to help him put some lights on the outside of the house. All day long you worked in the freezing wind to make your house the most bright and beautiful one in the neighborhood. The time has come! Dad flips the switch, and OH NO! There at the very top of the house is not just one, but a whole set of lights that are not working. Frustrated, but not defeated, dad climbs the ladder and removes the light set. He discovers that one little light bulb caused all of the problems. Why did this happen? scibertext

Parallel Circuits A parallel circuit has more than one path for current to travel. If one path goes out it does not mean everything dies, just the one area. A parallel circuit has more than one path for current to travel. If one path goes out it does not mean everything dies, just the one area.

Parallel Circuits continued..

Lights in our homes are wired in parallel circuits.

Conductors A conductor is a material that current can pass through easily, like metals. Steel Copper A current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. A conductor is a material that current can pass through easily, like metals. Steel Copper A current is the flow of electricity through a conductor.

Resistor A resistor is a material that resists, but doesn’t stop the flow of current. Ceramic A resistor is a material that resists, but doesn’t stop the flow of current. Ceramic

Insulator An insulator is a material that current cannot pass through easily, like plastic. Rubber Wood Cloth An insulator is a material that current cannot pass through easily, like plastic. Rubber Wood Cloth

Electromagnet An electromagnet is a devices that uses electricity, wires, and an iron core to create a temporary magnet. It can be made powerful as needed.

Properties The characteristics of an object. What are the properties of a complete circuit? The characteristics of an object. What are the properties of a complete circuit?

el circuito de serie Un circuito de serie es un circuito que tiene solamente un camino para la corriente.

el circuito paralelo Un circuito paralelo tiene más de un camino para que la corriente de viajar.

el conductor Un conductor es un material que la corriente puede pasar con fácilmente, como los metales.

el aislador Un aislador es un material que la corriente no puede pasar con fácilmente, como el plástico.

el electroimán Un electroimán es uno dispositivo que utiliza electricidad, alambres, y una base de hierro para crear un imán temporal.

las propiedades Las propiedades son las características de un objeto.