SUBJUNTIVO Grupos.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

SUBJUNTIVO Grupos

SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD The Subjunctive is a MOOD of the verb. We use it to talk about the unknown, what one asks, hopes, tells, insists or requires someone else to do. The Present Subjunctive is conjugated like most commands, from the present indicative “yo” form.

PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE CONJUGATION -ar endings: Hable Hables Hablemos Habléis Hablen

PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE CONJUGATION -er endings: Coma Comas Comamos Comáis Coman

PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE CONJUGATION -ir endings: Viva Vivas Vivamos Viváis Vivan

-car, -gar, -zar Verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spelling change in every form in order to maintain the original sound. c  qu Ex. Busquemos g  gu Ex. Juguéis z  c Ex. Cruces

Stem- changing verbs Traditional stem-change inside the boot of all verbs. No stem-change outside the boot of –ar or –er verbs. However, outside the boot of –ir verbs, the stem changes o>u or e>i -ar -er -ir piense vuelva me divierta pienses vuelvas te diviertas piense vuelva se divierta pensemos volvamos nos divirtamos penséis volváis os divirtáis piensen vuelvan se diviertan

Irregular verbs Memorize this acronym: DISHES Dar Ir Ser Haber Estar Saber dé vaya sea haya esté sepa des vayas seas hayas estés sepas dé vaya sea haya esté sepa demos vayamos seamos hayamos estemos sepamos deis vayáis seáis hayáis estéis sepáis den vayan sean hayan estén sepan * Do not forget “CABER”  quepa, quepas, quepa, quepamos, quepáis, quepan

When and how is the Subjunctive used? Note that the subjunctive sentences have two parts, each with a different subject, connected by the word “que”. Formula: Trigger verb in main clause + que + verb in subordinate clause (Verb in Indicative) + (Glue word) + (Verb in Subjunctive) Ex. Quiero que vengas a mi fiesta.

Trigger verbs: Group 1 Verbs of Influence QUERER (e-ie) to want Ej. Queremos que pongan la mesa. ESPERAR  to hope Ej. Espero que te sientas mejor. PREFERIR (e-ie) to prefer Ej. Prefiere que nosotros vivamos cerca. INSISTIR EN to insist Ej. Insistes en que yo estudie más. EXIGIR  to demand Ej. Sus padres exigen que ella estudie mucho. **ACONSEJAR  to advise Ej. Te aconsejo que tú conduzcas despacio. **RECOMENDAR (e-ie)  to recommend Ej. Nos recomiendan que nosotros sigamos nuestros estudios de español. **The Indirect Object of the trigger verb will also be the subject of the Subjunctive verb.

Trigger verbs: Group 2  Verbs of Doubt & Uncertainty If no doubt or uncertainty is expressed, we use the Indicative. That’s why with the following expressions the INDICATIVE is used in BOTH CLAUSES, even though all other elements of the “formula” are present: NO DUDAR DE : Ej. No dudan de que lavo mi coche todos los días. CREER : Ej. Creo que hay un examen el jueves. ESTAR SEGURO/A DE : Ej. Las chicas están seguras de que él tiene razón. NO NEGAR: Ej. No negamos que ellas van de compras todos los días. DUDAR DE to doubt Ej. Dudan de que yo lave mi coche. NO CREER  NOT to believe Ej. No creo que haya un examen mañana. NO ESTAR SEGURO/A DE  not to be sure Ej. Las chicas no están seguras de que él tenga razón. NEGAR (e-ie) to deny Ej. Negamos que ellas vayan de compras todos los días.

Trigger verbs: Group 3  Verbs of Emotion TENER MIEDO DE o TEMER to be afraid of Ej. Temo que no pases el examen. ESPERAR  to hope Ej. Espero que pasen el examen. ALEGRARSE DE to be glad Ej. Se alegra de que tengas novia. SENTIR  to be sorry Ej. Marga siente que no tengas coche. OJALÁ (QUE)  hopefully Ej. Ojalá (que) vengas a mi boda. **MOLESTAR  to bother Use él/ella form with IOP Ej. Le molesta que nunca estudies. **ENOJAR  to make somebody angry Use él/ella form with IOP Ej. Me enoja que nunca estudies. ESTAR CONTENTO/A DE  to be glad Ej. Estamos contentos de que vengas. ESTAR DESILUSIONADO/A DE ESTAR ENCANTADO/A DE to be thrilled

Trigger verbs: Group 4  Verbs of Request & Command PEDIR  to request/ ask for (Needs IOP) Ej. Ellos me piden que yo dibuje con lápices de colores. **DECIR  to tell (someone to do something) (Needs IOP) Ej. Mamá te dice que tú saques la basura. Te digo que busques el libro. MANDAR  to command/ order (someone to do something) (Needs IOP) Ej. Ellos le mandan que usted pinte el paisaje. **“Decir” followed by the Indicative states a fact, but followed by the Subjunctive tells someone to do something. Ej. Ella dice que él come muchas manzanas / El médico le dice que coma muchas manzanas.

Trigger verbs: Group 5  Impersonal expressions ES + adjective+ QUE + Subjunctive IMPORTANTE NECESARIO PRECISO RARO POSIBLE IMPOSIBLE LÓGICO PROBABLE IMPROBABLE BUENO MEJOR MALO PEOR INCREÍBLE ÚTIL INÚTIL ACONSEJABLE DUDOSO DIFÍCIL ETC… Ej. Es mejor que salgas inmediatamente. Es probable que ganen el campeonato.

Trigger verbs : Group 6  Personal opinions These are verbs like “gustar”  They use IOP and are always conjugated in the “él/ella/usted” form. GUSTAR  to be pleasing ENCANTAR  to enchant INTERESAR  to interest FASCINAR  to fascinate IMPORTAR  to matter/ be important These IOP’s do not match the subjunctive verb. Ej. No nos importa que tú vengas con nosotros. Me fascina que puedan correr tan rápido.

Trigger verbs: Group 7  Special situations PERMITIR and PROHIBIR Be careful!!! Sometimes these verbs are used with infinitives rather than with the subjunctive. ( “QUE” is your clue to conjugate). Ej. Mis padres no permiten que yo salga con mis amigos. Mis padres no me permiten salir con mis amigos. ¿Prohíben que comamos aquí? ¿Nos prohíben comer aquí?