Subjunctive Vistas 12.3.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Subjunctive Vistas 12.3

Indicative The Indicative is the group of verb tenses that reflect the certainty of an action. Imperfect Tense Preterite Tense Present Tense Future Tense

Subjunctive The Subjunctive is the group of verb tenses that reflect the uncertainty of an action. Past Subjunctive Present Subjunctive The uncertainty is expressed in the main clause by a verb that reflects an opinion, doubt, or a request.

Subjunctive Sentence Structure Main Clause + Conjunction + Subordinate Clause Es importante que Eduardo estudie para el examen.

Present subjunctive formation Regular Verbs Put in the yo form Drop the “o” Add the opposite ending Es bueno que nosotros hablemos español. hable hablemos hables habléis hablen QUE + coma comamos comas comáis coman QUE +

Present subjunctive formation Irregular Verbs Dar : De Estar : Esté Ir : Vaya Saber : Sepa Ser : Sea Haber: Haya* Es necesario que los menores sean respetuosos a los mayores. sea seamos seas seáis sean QUE +

Present subjunctive formation Spelling Changers Go verbs : GA Decir Salir Poner Venir Hacer Tener Oír Es urgente que vengas al hospital. venga vengamos vengas vengáis vengan

Present subjunctive formation Spelling Changers zco verbs : ZCA conducir conocer ofrecer parecer traducir Es fantástico que nos ofrezcan esta oportunidad. ofrezca ofrezcamos ofrezcas ofrezcáis cofrezca ofrezcan

Present subjunctive formation Stem Changing Verbs AR & ER Verbs U-UE O-UE E-I E-IE Es fascinante que Pedro quiera aprender el japonés. x Nosotros and Vosotros NEVER change. quiera queramos quieras queráis quieran

Present subjunctive formation Stem Changing Verbs IR Verbs O-UE E-I E-IE Es imprecindible que todos duerman por lo menos 8 horas cada noche. E-I / O-U Nosotros and Vosotros will change to E-I or O-U duerma durmamos duermas durmáis duerman

Formation Review Regular Verbs Spelling Changers Irregular Verbs Put in the yo form Drop the “o” go verbs : GA Add the opposite ending zco verbs: ZCA Irregular Verbs Dar : De Stem Changing Verbs Estar : Esté Ir : Vaya AR & ER Verbs Saber : Sepa Nosotros and Vosotros NEVER change. Ser : Sea IR Verbs Haber : Haya Nosotros and Vosotros will change to E-I or O-U

Sentence structure of the subjunctive In order to conjugate the verb in the subjunctive in the subordinate clause, the main clause must include a verb of: Wish Emotional reaction Impersonal Expression Request Doubt or denial Ojalá

Impersonal expressions Es bueno / malo Es mejor / peor Es urgente Es importante Es necesario These impersonal expressions reflect an opinion, which is subjective and therefore require the subjunctive. Es mejor que yo vaya a la escuela temprano. Present Subjunctive

Es verdad que voy a la escuela temprano. Impersonal expressions Es cierto Es verdad These impersonal expressions reflect fact, which is objective and therefore require the indicative. Es verdad que voy a la escuela temprano. Present Indicative

Es importante ir a la escuela temprano. Impersonal expressions Es bueno / malo Es mejor / peor Es urgente Es importante Es necesario These impersonal expressions are not followed by a conjunction, therefore are used with the Infinitive form of a verb. Es importante ir a la escuela temprano. Infinitive X

Impersonal expressions Subjective: Es mejor que yo vaya a la escuela temprano. Objective: Es verdad que voy a la escuela temprano. No Conjunction: Es importante ir a la escuela temprano.

Verbs of Will or influence The subjunctive is used with verbs of will or influence because it is uncertain that the request or recommendation will be fulfilled. PEDIR (e-i) to ask for PREFERIR (e-ie) to prefer PROHIBIR to prohibit QUERER (e-ie) to want RECOMENDAR (e-ie) to recommend ROGAR (o-ue) to beg SUGERIR (e-ie) to suggest ACONSEJAR to advise DESEAR to wish IMPORTAR to matter INSISTIR EN to insist MANDAR to order NECESITAR to need

Subjunctive Sentence Structure Wish Emotional reaction Impersonal Expression Request Doubt or denial Ojalá WEIRDO + QUE + SUBJUNCTIVE Must have a Conductor and a Passenger to leave the station Must have a WEIRDO as a Conductor Conjugate the verb AFTER que in the Subjunctive

Verbs with IOP These verbs are usually preceded by an IOP to whom or for whom the action is done. ACONSEJAR ME IMPORTAR TE MANDAR LE + PEDIR (e-i) NOS PROHIBIR OS RECOMENDAR (e-ie) LES ROGAR (o-ue) SUGERIR (e-ie) Te recomiendo que hables con tu madre sobre este tema.

Infinitive instead of Subjunctive The INFINITIVE is used instead of the SUBJUNCTIVE when there is no change of the subject. No quiero hacer la tarea. VS. No quiero que tú hagas la tarea. Paco prefiere comer tacos. VS. Paco prefiere que Maria coma los tacos.