Discovery Chiles rich central valley remained unknown until abut the middle of the fifteenth century. It was surrounded on three sides by virtually impassable barriers, when the Incas began their conquest of much of the continent. Under Tupac Ypanqui the Incas crossed the Atacama Desert into the central valley. They soon would encounter the Machuphe, one of the three Araucanian peoples who occupied that region. After attempting to cross over into the other side of the Rio Maule they were confronted by the Mapuche.
Tupac Ypanqui Atacama Desert Rio Maule
MAPUCHE & INCA PEOPLE Mapuche Woman & Mapuche Flag Inca
INDEPENDENCE The independence of Chile from Spain was officially achieved on February 12, However, the independence process extended from the years to , depending on what terms one uses to define the beginning and the end. Traditionally, the period is divided into three stages: 1.Patria Vieja 2.Reconquista 3.Patria Nueva
CHILE-FLAG Representation of Colors Red- Symbolizes the blood shed by the freedom fighters Blue- Represents the clear Andean skies. White – Stands for the snowy peaks of the Andes
CHILEAN ANTHEM Current Lyrics: Puro, Chile, es tu cielo azulado, Puras brisas te cruzan también, Y tu campo de flores bordado Es la copia feliz del Edén. Majestuosa es la blanca montaña Que te dio por baluarte el Señor, Que te dio por baluarte el Señor, Y ese mar que tranquilo te baña Te promete futuro esplendor. Y ese mar que tranquilo te baña Te promete futuro esplendor. Chorus: Dulce Patria, recibe los votos Con que Chile en tus aras juró Que o la tumba serás de los libres O el asilo contra la opresión. In English: Chile, your sky is a pure blue, Pure breezes blow across you, And your field, embroidered with flowers, Is a happy copy of Eden. Majestic is the snow-covered mountain That was given to you by the Lord as a bastion, That was given to you by the Lord as a bastion, And the sea that tranquilly washes your shore Promises future splendor for you, And the sea that tranquilly washes your shore Promises future splendor for you. CHORUS Gentle homeland, accept the vows Given, Chile, on your altars, That you be either the tomb of the free Or a refuge from oppression. CLICK TO HEAR SOUND