Students: Ignacio Amadeo - Lucia Palomeque. The topic of this work is Water Desalination Alumnos: Ignacio Amadeo - Lucia Palomeque El tema que elegimos.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Students: Ignacio Amadeo - Lucia Palomeque. The topic of this work is Water Desalination Alumnos: Ignacio Amadeo - Lucia Palomeque El tema que elegimos es Desalinización del agua

Desalinization is a process by which the salt of sea water is eliminated. This topic shows a form to get drinkable water. La desalinización es un proceso por el cual se elimina la sal del agua de mar. Elegimos este tema porque es la manera por la cual obtenemos agua potable. a tap that makes the sea water drinkable. Esta imagen muestra una canilla haciendo potable el agua de mar que pasa a traves de ella

Sea water is not drinkable due to mineral salts presence. One of the likely solutions to drinkable water shortage could be to make sea water drinkable. 97 per cent from the water in our planet is salty, and there is only less than 1 per cent apt for human consumption. Debido a la presencia de sales minerales en el agua de mar, esta no es potable. Conseguir potabilizar el agua del mar es una de las posibles soluciones a la escasez de agua potable. El 97,5% del agua que existe en nuestro planeta es salada y sólo una cantidad inferior al 1% es apta para el consumo humano. Las plantas desalinizadoras son sistemas de tratamiento del agua industrial. Proveen de agua potable a poblaciones costeras a traves de la eliminación de la sal del agua del mar. Plants which make sea water drinkable are systems of industrial water treatment. They give drinkable water to cities near the coast by the elimination of sea water.

How does a desalination plant work? Las plantas desaladoras emplean distintos métodos para la potabilización del agua. Los más comunes son la congelación, la destilación, la evaporación relámpago, la ósmosis inversa y la formación de hidratos. De éstos, la ósmosis inversa es la tecnología más avanzada, eficiente y respetuosa del medio ambiente para desalinizar el agua. Desalination plants use different methods to make water drinkable. The most common ones are freezing, distillation, flash evaporation, inverse osmosis and hydrate formation. From these, inverse osmosis is the most advanced and efficient method, technologically speaking. It is also environmental friendly.

At the moment, in New Zealand, there is a big debate about water fluoridation. Since 1960 people have been adding fluor to water, as in USA; some cities are eliminating fluor and others are about to do it, and because of this there was a strong discussion. In New Zealand there are no desalination plants, because they have some fresh water reservoirs which provide them all the water they need: Rio Waikato is the most important. They also have some small plants for private use only, because of the draughts. Actualmente, en Nueva Zelanda hay una gran problemática con respecto a la fluorización del agua. Desde 1960, las personas han añadido fluor al agua, copiando a Estados Unidos; algunas ciudades están eliminando el flúor y otras están en camino a hacerlo, esto generó un gran debate. En Nueva Zelanda no hay plantas desaladoras, porque hay algunas reservas de agua potable que proveen a la gente toda el agua que necesita: Río Waikato es la más importante. También hay pequeñas plantas para uso privado, debido a la sequía. Waikato river: fresh water reservoir and the longest river in New zealand, its 425 km long.

We think that the desalination process is very important because at the moment there is very few fresh water in our planet, so this method could solve the fresh water shortage Nosotros pensamos que es muy importante el proceso de desalinización, ya que estamos en un período en el que el agua potable es muy escasa, por lo que realizando este proceso, podría llegar a solucionarse el problema de la escasez.

Glosary Mineral salts: Inorganic molecules which tend to be ionized in water. Freezing: Desalination method by which sea water is crushed in a refrigerated camera, with low pressure, to obtain ice crystals on the brine. These crystals are separated and washed with fresh water, and so we obtain drinkable water. Distillation: Desalination method made in several stages. In each one, a part of sea water is evaporated, and fresh water is condensed. Flash evaporation: Similar to distillation, it is a desalination process by which sea water drops are introduced into a low-pressure camera. Salty water is evporated, and fresh water is condensed. This is repeated until we obtain the ideal quantity of fresh water. Hydrate formation: Its similar to freezing. Instead of freezing the salty solution, they add hydrocarbures to it to form crystals.

Sources : Wikipedia: Blog nuestroclima: Ecured: B3n_del_agua#Congelaci.C3.B3n B3n_del_agua#Congelaci.C3.B3n Emagister: desalacion-4-4/procesos-desalacion-formacion- hidratos-destilacion-membranashttp:// desalacion-4-4/procesos-desalacion-formacion- hidratos-destilacion-membranas s from Prof. Patricia Terremere, from New Zealand. (Wed like to thank her a lot!)