Capítulo 5 La salud: Bolivia y Paraguay. Vocabulario: El cuerpo humano.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Capítulo 5 La salud: Bolivia y Paraguay

Vocabulario: El cuerpo humano

Vocabulario: Pronunciación ¡Ojo! Ten cuidado con la pronunciación de estas palabras corazón el oído el cuello el estómago /koh-rah-sohn/ /eh-loh-ee-doh/ /kweh-yoh/ /eh-leh-stoh-mah-goh/

Identifica la palabra que no va con el grupo y explica por qué. MODELO los dedos, las manos, los dientes Los dientes son parte de la cabeza; los dedos y las manos son parte del brazo. Try one la boca, la cabeza, el brazo El brazo …no es parte de la cabeza. Actividad 5-1: ¡No es lógico!

Estructura I: Talking about routine activities: Reflexive pronouns and present tense of reflexive verbs In English Reflexive construction Reflexive pronouns end in either -self, -selves * * myself, yourself, ourselves In Spanish Reflexive construction Reflexive pronouns* are used typically with verbs that reflect the action back to the subject * me, te, se, nos, os, se

Estructura I: Talking about routine activities: Reflexive pronouns and present tense of reflexive verbs What do these reflexive pronouns mean? myself yourself himself, herself, yourself ourselves yourselves themselves, yourselves me te se nos os se

Position of reflexive pronouns in Spanish placed immediately before conjugated verbs Yo me lavo. conjugated verb * Be careful with negation: Yo no me lavo. O... No me lavo.

Position of reflexive pronouns in Spanish attached to infinitive or present participle if there are two or more verbs used together Voy a lavarme. or Me voy a lavar.* * you can always place the reflexive pronoun before the conjugated verb

melavo telaváis lava lavamos lavas lavan se nos se os Conjugation of lavarse lavarse (to wash up, wash oneself) (se) tells you that the verb can be used reflexively place the reflexive pronoun before the conjugated verb conjugate lavar for the indicated subject

Determining reflexive vs. nonreflexive verbs If the action is performed on another person other than the subject a reflexive pronoun will not be used Despierto a mi mamá a las 8:00. action Me despierto a las 8:00. action (Yo) ¿Cuál es reflexivo?

1.Mi madre______________________ a mi hermano. (levantar) 2.El estudiante _______________ todos los días. (duchar) 3.¿Cuándo _______________ a tu hermano?. (despertar) 4.¿ _______________ tú las manos antes de comer? (lavar) 5.Yo _______________ los dientes tres veces cada día. (cepillar) levanta Reflexivos: ¿Sí o no? se ducha despiertas Te lavas me cepillo

acostarse (ue) afeitarse bañarse cepillarse los dientes cuidarse despertarse (ie) dormirse (ue) ducharse lavarse levantarse maquillarse peinarse pintarse ponerse (la ropa) quitarse (la ropa) secarse (el cuerpo) vestirse (i) Verbos reflexivos de la rutina diaria y personal

bañarse/se baña secarse/se seca peinarse/se peina cepillarse los dientes se cepilla los dientes vestirse/se viste despertarse se despierta Actividad 5-11: Las actividades diarias de Tomás

Así se dice: Talking about things you have just finished doing: Acabar de + infinitive Acabar +de + infinitive Conjugate acabar for the indicated subject Infinitive represents the action completed Juan Carlos acaba de ver a tres pacientes. Sara acaba de bañarse. or Sara se acaba de bañar. Traduce: I have just eaten. Acabo de comer. The girl has just bathed. La niña acaba de bañarse. or La niña se acaba de bañar.

Vocabulario: La salud

Los problemas médicos

Verbos relacionados con la salud doler (ue) a alguien (to be painful to someone) Used like the verb gustar (3 rd person forms) Use an indirect object pronoun (me, te, le, nos, os, les) Use definite articles (el, la, los, las) with body parts Me duele el estómago. A Lorena le duelen los pies. A nosotros nos duelen las manos. agreement

Una persona que tiene _________ debe _____________. fiebre descansar Actividad 5-19: ¿Qué recomiendas? Empareja cada enfermedad con el tratamiento (treatment) apropiado. MODELO catarrotomar jarabe Una persona que tiene catarro debe tomar jarabe. Try one fiebredescansar

Estructura II: Describing, people, things, and conditions: Ser vs. estar

Tomás y Gerardo son hermanos. Son de Bolivia. Son bolivianos. Son estudiantes en la universidad. Son solteros, no están casados. Son bajos y son un poco gordos. Hoy es lunes. Ahora Tomás y Gerardo están en su casa. Su casa está en La Paz y La Paz está en Bolivia. Son las cuatro de la tarde y están viendo su programa favorito en la televisión. A ellos les gusta su vida: son felices. Pero están un poco preocupados. Esta semana están muy cansados y por eso van al médico. Las consultas son en el hospital. El doctor Marichal es su médico. El doctor Marichal les dice: Este consejo es para ustedes. Es importante comer frutas y verduras. Ser vs. estar

Estructura II: Describing, people, things, and conditions: Ser vs. estar ser(to be) Often implies a fundamental quality that describes or defines the essence of a person, thing, place, or idea Soy de Bolivia. estar(to be) Often indicates a state or condition of a person, thing, place, or action at a given moment* *this may be the result of a change or deviation from the norm Estoy preocupado.

Uses of ser Identity Origin and nationality Profession Characteristics of people and places if describing fundamental qualities Possession Time of day and dates Intentions Impersonal statements Mathematical equations Location of events Use estar for location of people, places, and things

Uses of estar Location of people, places, things* * not events Physical condition* Emotional condition* * think transitory condition Actions in progress* * present progressive Weather expressions

Tomás y Gerardo son hermanos. Son de Bolivia. Son bolivianos. Son estudiantes. Son bajos y son un poco gordos. Son felices. Fido es su perro. Son las cuatro de la tarde. Hoy es lunes. Este consejo es para ustedes. Es importante comer fruta. Las consultas son en el hospital. Identifica los usos de ser (Identification) (Origin) (Nationality) (Profession) (Characteristics) (Personality traits) (Possession) (Time of day) (Dates) (Intentions) (Impersonal statements) (Location of events)

Ser and estar with adjectives Can be used with the same adjectives to communicate different ideas* * choice in verbs can radically change the meaning of the sentence Carlos es guapo. Carlos está muy guapo hoy. Sara es aburrida. Sara está aburrida.

1.Yo______________________ feliz. 2.Nosotros _______________ jóvenes. 3.¿Dónde _______________ el teléfono?. 4.¿ _______________ Ud. cansada? 5.Uds. _______________ de Nicaragua. 6.Juan y yo _______________ en Nicaragua ahora. 7.Samanta y Marianela _______________ responsables. 8.La fiesta _______________ en mi casa. 9.___________las dos de la tarde. estoy ¿Ser o estar? somos está Está son estamos son es Son

1.Mi madre______________________ bien. 2.El estudiante _______________ bueno. 3.¿Cuándo _______________ la fiesta? 4.¿ _______________ Ud. muy ocupado? 5.La camisa _______________ sucia. 6.Yo _______________ triste. 7.Ellas _______________ rubias. 8.El concierto _______________ en el centro. 9.Hoy ___________ martes está ¿Ser o estar? es Está está estoy son es

Estructura III: Pointing out people and things: Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns Demonstratives used to point out a specific noun English this, these, that, those Spanish uses three different types* this, these that, those that (over there), those (over there) * choice depends on distance from the speaker or the person addressed * can be used to indicate something from a long time ago.

Estructura III: Pointing out people and things: Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns Demonstrative adjectives Esta medicina es para Ud. Spanish must agree in gender and number with the noun to which the demonstrative adjectives refer

este(a) this ese(a) that aquel (aquella) Singular that (over there) estos(as) these esos(as) those Plural aquellos (aquellas) those (over there) Demonstrative adjectives

Demonstrative pronouns Demonstrative Pronouns ¿Quieres este antiácido o ése? Ése, por favor. used in place of nouns all forms except the neuter form carry accents must agree in gender and number with their antecedents, that is, with the nouns to which they refer

éste(a) ése(a) aquél (aquélla) Singular éstos(as) ésos(as) Plural aquéllos (aquéllas) Demonstrative pronouns

Neuter demonstrative pronouns ¿Qué es esto? refer to nonspecific things that are not yet identified or ideas already mentioned no gender agreement with nouns Forms esto (this), eso (that), aquello (that over there) be careful not to confuse with masculine demonstrative adjectives este, ese, aquel

Actividad 5-32: La clínica nueva de la Cruz Roja Completa los comentarios usando este, esta, estos o estas apropiadamente. MODELO Dr. Chávez: Amigos, entramos aquí, por esta puerta. Try one Roberto: ¡Qué bonita! 1. ________ clínica tiene de todo. ¡Termínalo en el texto! Esta