Un buen comienzo para un buen futuro Tópico: “No hay uno sin dos” Sucesiones Ing. Gabriel Jaime Ramírez Henao.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Un buen comienzo para un buen futuro Tópico: “No hay uno sin dos” Sucesiones Ing. Gabriel Jaime Ramírez Henao

Un buen comienzo para un buen futuro Sucesiones numéricas. Una sucesión es un conjunto ordenado de números reales: a 1, a 2, a 3, a 4, … Cada elemento de la sucesión se denomina término, el subíndice es el lugar que ocupa en la sucesión. El primer término es a 1, el segundo a 2, el tercero a 3 … Ejemplo: En la sucesión de los números pares: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, ….. ¿Cuál es el primer término? 2 ¿Cuál es el quinto término? 10

Un buen comienzo para un buen futuro Término general de una sucesión. Representa un término cualquiera de la sucesión En las sucesiones que siguen una ley de formación, la fórmula del término general, a n, permite determinar cualquier término de la sucesión. Ejemplos: En la sucesión de los números pares: 2, 4, 6, 8, … El término general es: a n = 2n En la sucesión: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, … El término general es: a n = n 2 En la sucesión de los números impares: 1, 3, 5, 7, … El término general es: a n = 2n -1

Un buen comienzo para un buen futuro Sequence: A list of ordered numbers separated by commas. A list of ordered numbers separated by commas. Each number in the list is called a term. Each number in the list is called a term. For Example: For Example: Sequence 1 Sequence 2 2,4,6,8,10 2,4,6,8,10,… Term 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Term 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Domain – relative position of each term (1,2,3,4,5) Usually begins with position 1 unless otherwise stated. Range – the actual terms of the sequence (2,4,6,8,10)

Un buen comienzo para un buen futuro Sequence 1 Sequence 2 2,4,6,8,102,4,6,8,10,… 2,4,6,8,102,4,6,8,10,… A sequence can be finite or infinite. The sequence has a last term or final term. (such as seq. 1) The sequence continues without stopping. (such as seq. 2) Both sequences have a general rule: a n = 2n where n is the term # and a n is the nth term. The general rule can also be written in function notation: f(n) = 2n

Un buen comienzo para un buen futuroExamples: Write the first 6 terms of a n =5-n. Write the first 6 terms of a n =5-n. a 1 =5-1=4 a 1 =5-1=4 a 2 =5-2=3 a 2 =5-2=3 a 3 =5-3=2 a 3 =5-3=2 a 4 =5-4=1 a 4 =5-4=1 a 5 =5-5=0 a 5 =5-5=0 a 6 =5-6=-1 a 6 =5-6=-1 4,3,2,1,0,-1 4,3,2,1,0,-1 Write the first 6 terms of a n =2 n. Write the first 6 terms of a n =2 n. a 1 =2 1 =2 a 1 =2 1 =2 a 2 =2 2 =4 a 2 =2 2 =4 a 3 =2 3 =8 a 3 =2 3 =8 a 4 =2 4 =16 a 4 =2 4 =16 a 5 =2 5 =32 a 5 =2 5 =32 a 6 =2 6 =64 a 6 =2 6 =64 2,4,8,16,32,64 2,4,8,16,32,64

Un buen comienzo para un buen futuro Examples: Write a rule for the nth term. The seq. can be written as: Or, a n =2/(5 n ) The seq. can be written as: The seq. can be written as: 2(1)+1, 2(2)+1, 2(3)+1, 2(4)+1,… Or, a n =2n+1

Un buen comienzo para un buen futuro Example: write a rule for the nth term. 2,6,12,20,… 2,6,12,20,… Can be written as: Can be written as: 1(2), 2(3), 3(4), 4(5),… Or, a n =n(n+1)

Un buen comienzo para un buen futuro Graphing a Sequence Think of a sequence as ordered pairs for graphing. (n, a n )Think of a sequence as ordered pairs for graphing. (n, a n ) For example: 3,6,9,12,15For example: 3,6,9,12,15 would be the ordered pairs (1,3), (2,6), (3,9), (4,12), (5,15) graphed like points in a scatter plot * Sometimes it helps to find the rule first when you are not given every term in a finite sequence. Term # Actual term

Un buen comienzo para un buen futuro

Una sucesión infinita arbitraria puede denotarse como sigue:

Un buen comienzo para un buen futuro

Bibliografía Algebra y trigonometría con geometría analítica- Earl W. Swokowski y Jeffery A. Cole