¿Hay alguien que…. ¿Hay un lugar donde… ¿Hay alguien que… ? ¿Hay un lugar donde… ? Subjunctive After Nonexistent and Indefinite Antecedents (Part 1) 44 EXISTENT ANTECEDENT: Hay algo aquí que me interesa. There is something here that interests me. NONEXISTENT ANTECEDENT: No veo nada aquí que me interese. I don’t see anything that interests me. DEFINITE ANTECEDENT: Hay muchos restaurantes donde sirven comida mexicana auténtica. There are a lot of restaurants where they serve authentic Mexican food. INDEFINITE ANTECEDENT: Buscamos un restaurante donde sirvan comida salvadoreña auténtica. We’re looking for a restaurant where they serve authentic Salvadoran food.
¿Hay alguien que…. ¿Hay un lugar donde… ¿Hay alguien que… ? ¿Hay un lugar donde… ? Subjunctive After Nonexistent and Indefinite Antecedents (Part 2) 44 INDEFINITE ANTECEDENT: ¿Hay algo aquí que te guste? Is there anything here that you like? DEFINITE ANTECEDENT: Sí, hay varias bolsas que me gustan. Yes, there are several purses that I like. The dependent adjective clause structure is often used in questions to find out about someone or something the speaker does not know much about. Note, however, that the indicative is used to answer the question if the antecedent is known to the person who answers. OJO
¿Hay alguien que…. ¿Hay un lugar donde… ¿Hay alguien que… ? ¿Hay un lugar donde… ? Subjunctive After Nonexistent and Indefinite Antecedents (Part 3) 44 NONEXISTENT ANTECEDENT: Busco un señor que sepa francés. I’m looking for a man who knows French. EXISTENT ANTECEDENT: Busco al señor que sabe francés. I’m looking for the man who knows French. The personal a is not used with direct object nouns that refer to hypothetical persons. Compare the use of the indicative and the subjunctive in the sentences above. OJO
Lo hago para que tú... Subjunctive After Conjunctions of Contingency and Purpose (Part 1) 45 CONJUNCTIONS OF CONTINGENCY AND PURPOSE (ALWAYS INTRODUCE THE SUBJUNCTIVE) a menos que unless antes (de) que before con tal (de) que provided (that) en caso de que in case para que so that
Lo hago para que tú... Subjunctive After Conjunctions of Contingency and Purpose (Part 2) 45 PREPOSITION (one subject): Estoy aquí para aprender. I’m here to (in order to) learn. CONJUNCTION (two subjects): Estoy aquí para que Uds. aprendan. I’m here so that you will learn. PREPOSITION (one subject): Voy a comer antes de salir. I’m going to eat before leaving. CONJUNCTION (two subjects): Voy a comer antes de que salgamos. I’m going to eat before we leave.