SPANISH Middle School Grammar Lesson Subject pronouns Verbs

Masculine and feminine Articles:The, A, An, Some Masculine and feminine Singular/Plural Definite Articles el (masculine singular) el libro la (feminine singular) la casa los (m.plural) los libros las (f.plural) las casas

The Indefinite Article (a, an) un (m.s.) un libro a book una (f.s.) una casa a house unos (m.pl.) unos libros some books unas (f.pl.) unas casas some houses

*Important Note* Exception to the rule You must use “el” before a feminine singular noun that begins with a or ha. El Agua water El hambre hunger

More gender noun-Exceptions! la mano hand el lapiz pencil el guardia guard el idioma language el mapa map el hombre man la mujer woman la leche milk el color color

Making words Plural in Spanish You add “s” to nouns ending in a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) You add “es” to nouns ending in a consonant Rule for nouns ending in “z” you must change the “z” into “c” and add “es” Example: luz = luces

Put the appropriate definite article before each word Put the appropriate definite article before each word.(Turn-in Yellow bin) libros 9. hambre hombre 10. guardia mesas 11. mapa mano 12. idioma pez 13. leche agua 14. color padre 15. flores madre 16. estaciones

Conjugation Charts Singular Yo I Tú You(tu w/o accent mark means your) Él,Ella, usted he/she (Usted is a respectful polite way to address an adult) Pulural Forms nosotros, nosotras we vosotros, vosotras you all ellos, ellas, Ustedes they

The Verb “Tener” (To Have, to Possess) This is an irregular verb and one of the MOST important in the language to learn! ~Present Tense~ tengo I have tienes You have tiene He/she has or you have tenemos We have tenéis You have (plural you) tienen They have

Negative Form of “Tener” The negative is formed by putting the word “No” in front of the verb. No tengo dinero (I don’t have any money) No tienen leche (They don’t have any milk) No tenemos un coche (we don’t have a car) No tengo hambre (I am not hungry)

Question form of “Tener” A sentence is made a question by putting the subject after the verb: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Ella tiene una pluma. She has a pen ¿Tiene ella una pluma? Do you have a pen? You must include an inverted question mark at the beginning of a question in Spanish writing.

When “Tener” is followed by que “Tener que” translates into “ a must” “to have to” Example sentences: Tengo que salir I have to go out Tenemos que ver la casa. We have to go see the house.

Write 10 Sentences using “Tener” 6 Sentences-Present Tense (conjugated forms) 2 Sentences-Negative form 2 Sentences-Question form ¿? Only dictionaries and notes may be used to complete independent assignment. Please put in yellow bin when you are completed.

El FIN