Capítulo 2B Tu sala de clases Your classroom

Chapter Objectives: Describe a classroom Indicate where things are located Talk about more than one object or person Understand cultural perspectives on school

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1648-1695) Juana Inés was born in San Miguel Nepantla, near Mexico City around 1648, the illegitimate daughter of a Spanish Captain, Pedro Manuel de Asbaje, and Isabe Ramirez. Her father, according to all accounts, was absent from her life.

Juana was a devoutly religious child who hid in the hacienda chapel to read her grandfather's books from the adjoining library - something forbidden to girls at that time. She learned how to read and write at the age of three. By age five, she could do accounts, and at age eight she composed a poem on the Eucharist. By adolescence, she had mastered Greek logic, and at age thirteen she was teaching Latin to young children.

Painting of Sor Juana Inés by Miguel Cabrera on oil canvas circa 1750

"The People of Mexico, through the Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Civil Association, dedicates this statue of the bright mystic Mexican poet, to the People of Madrid“ España

Sor Juana estatua en Nuevo León, México Sor Juana estatua en La República Dominicana

Statue of Sister Juana Inez in Washington D.C.

LAS BANDERAS DE AMÉRICA CENTRAL PANAMÁ COSTA RICA HONDURAS EL SALVADOR GUATEMALA NICARAGUA

la computadora – the computer El cartel – the poster El disquete – the diskette La mochila – the backpack

La papelera – the wastepaper basket La pantalla – the computer screen El reloj – the clock El ratón – the mouse

El sacapuntas – the pencil sharpener El teclado – the keyboard

El escritorio – the desk La mesa- the table La silla – the chair

La puerta – the door las ventanas – the windows

las tijeras - scissors la regla - ruler el globo - globe el mapa – the map

el borrador - eraser la pizarra – chalkboard el pizarrón - chalkboard la tiza - chalk

Frases importantes – ¿Qué es esto? – What is this? ¿Cuántos(as) hay? – How many are there? ¿Dónde está(n)? – Where is it/are they? ¿Quién está? – Who is there? ¿Hay? –Is there /Are there? Hay – There is / There are ¿Qué hay? – What is there/are there?

To indicate location Al lado de la/del – next to, beside Allí – there Aquí – here Debajo de la/del – underneath Delante de la/del – in front of Detrás de la/del – behind ¿Dónde? – where? En – in, on Encima de la/del – on top of

More location words izquierda – left derecha – right derecho – straight enfrente de – in front of sobre – over, about (sobre can also be an envelope) arriba – above (adverb, not preposition) atrás de – behind cerca de – near to lejos de – far from hacia – towards

To indicate possession De – of De la – of the – used before a feminine noun (de la escuela) Del – of the – used before a masculine noun (del Taco) Mi – my Tu – your To identify (description/quantity) Es un(a) – It is a … (Es una mochila.) (Es un reloj.)

To identify gender & quantity of nouns Los/Las – “the” plural masculine/feminine e.g. Los lápices están encima de la mesa. Las pantallas están aprendidos. Unos/Unas – “some” masculine/feminine e.g. Hay unos lápices en el pupitre. Hay unas mochilas en la sala de clase.

To be or not to be… AGAIN?!?! Estoy bien/más o menos/mal. Here’s the good news…you’ve seen this verb, ESTAR, before: ¿Cómo estás? Estoy bien/más o menos/mal. The “bad” news…when do I use “ser” and when do I use “estar”? This question has plagued language learners since the dawn of time… ¿Ser o estar?

The “battle” of the verbs! SER ESTAR The simplest way to explain the use of “ser” is that it is for enduring characteristics. Things inherent to the quality of a person or thing. This is used to describe things that can change (weather, location, condition, etc.) This can also be about a state of being - things that are changeable.

How do I know which one to use? Ser is used to classify and identify lasting attributes. Use the acronym DOCTOR: Description Occupation (like DOCTOR) Characteristics Time Origin Relationship Estar is used to indicate changeable states and locations. Use the acronym PLACE: Position Location (like PLACE) Action Condition Emotion.

OR.... DON’T HELP! Ser is used to classify and identify lasting attributes. Use the acronym DON’T: DESCRIPTION ORIGIN NATIONALITY TIME Estar is used to indicate changeable states and locations. Use the acronym HELP: HEALTH EMOTION LOCATION PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

Estar – To be (an irregular -AR verb) yo estoy - I am nosotros estamos - we are tú estás - you are vosotros estáis – you are (Usted es = you are formal) él /ella está - he/she is (Ustedes están – you are plural) ellos están - they are

Examples of each type: SER – d.o.c.t.o.r. (description, occupation, characteristics, time, origin, relationship) La casa es muy bonita. (description) Sra. Crispin es una maestra. (occupation) ¡Los estudiantes de Srta. Bernard son muy inteligentes! (characteristics) Son las dos y media. (2:30) Es la una. (time) Soy de los Estados Unidos. (origin) Ella es la hermana de mi amigo. (relationship)

Examples of each type: ESTAR – p.l.a.c.e. (place, location, action, condition, emotion) Mi hermana está sentada. (place) La sala de clase de Srta. Bernard está cerca de la clase de arte. (location) Estoy haciendo mi tarea. (action- progressive) Él está enfermo. (condition) Ellos están contentos. (emotion)

Useful websites for estar A lengthy explanation of when to use ser or estar: http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/100040/ser-and-estar Go to the Quizlet Mrs. Bernard page for estar/preposition quiz: http://quizlet.com/8463034/2b-15-estarprepositions-flash-cards/ A quiz over ser vs. estar: http://www.quia.com/quiz/438253.html?AP_rand=2020980171