El Tiempo Pretérito.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

El Tiempo Pretérito

Preterite Up to now we’ve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now or in the near future. These verbs are in the simple present or present progressive.

Preterite Next we’re going talk about the past in Spanish. One way is to talk about an action that started and finished in the past. This tense is called the preterite.

Preterite In English, a preterite form looks like this: travel > traveled return > returned speak > spoke drive > drove be > was, were Some are regular (predictable): play > played Others are irregular (unpredictable): go > went

Preterite = -ed (a completed action over and done with) USES OF THE PRETERITE The preterite is used for actions that can be viewed as single events. Ella llegó a Puerto Rico el 5 de abril. She arrived to Puerto Rico on April 5th. Ellos sacaron muchas fotos. They took many pictures.

Ex: Ayer yo visité las pirámides. Yesterday I visited the pyramids. The preterite is used for actions that were: repeated a specific number of times, or occurred during a specific period of time. Ex: Ayer yo visité las pirámides. Yesterday I visited the pyramids. Ex: Vivimos allí por cuatro años. We lived there for four years.

C. The preterite is used for actions that were: part of a chain of events. D. Used to state the beginning or end of an action. Ella llegó al aeropuerto, factuó las maletas, y caminó a la puerta de salida. She arrived to the airport, checked her suitcases and walked to the departure gate. Empezó a nevar a las ocho de la mañana. It began to snow at 8:00 AM.

Take a closer look! -ar -er / -ir -é -í -aste -iste -ó -ió -amos -imos -é -í -aste -iste -ó -ió -amos -imos -aron -ieron The endings are very similar, except that the –er/-ir verb endings always contain an –i- and the –ar verb endings never do.

The pretérito takes time expressions in the past that signify the action is a completed past action: Anoche el año pasado Ayer el mes pasado Anteayer el verano pasado el viernes pasado la semana pasada

Stem Change Verbs: AR VERBS that are stem-changing (o /u to ue; e to ie) do not stem change in the preterit ex: almorzar (o-ue) Present = tú almuerzas Pret. = almorzaste ex: (jugar) (u – ue) Present = ellos juegan Pret. = jugaron ex: (pensar) (e-ie) Present = yo pienso Pret. = pensé

CAR, GAR, ZAR Verbs Verbs ending in –car, -gar, -zar are slightly irregular and have a spell change in the “yo” form only of the preterite. Common Verbs: -CAR: (-qué) -GAR: (-gué) -ZAR: (-cé) Buscar (busqué) llegar (llegué) comenzar (comencé) Sacar pagar almorzar Pescar jugar gozar Explicar colgar cruzar Tocar Practicar *link for practice of –car,-gar,-zar verbs

Por ejemplo: (-car verbs) (-gar verbs) (-zar verbs) almorcé almorzaste almorzamos almorzaron busqué buscaste Buscó Buscamos buscaron llegué llegaste llegó llegamos llegaron

Vamos a practicar! Yo ______ (comprar) un boleto a Costa Rica para visitar a mi familia. Yo _____ (llegar) el dos de diciembre. ____ (permanecer) dos semanas allí. Durante el viaje, ____ (conocer) a personas nuevas y ____ (aprender) mucho de la lengua y la cultura. También ____ (explorar) la selva tropical. Yo _____ (volver) a casa muy tarde el dieciseis de diciembre.

Uno más, por favor! Juan _____ (planear) un viaje por tren desde Madrid hasta Barcelona. ____ (desear) un pasaje de ida y vuelta en la segunda clase. Primero, ___ (buscar) la taquilla para comprar un billete. Luego, ___ (esperar) en la sala de espera y ___ (mirar) el horario de trenes. El tren ____ (salir) a las dos del andén #8 a las nueve.

Escriben una frase completa del viaje usando el verbo: Jorge / aprender Yo / planear Mi familia y yo / alquilar El vuelo / salir Los turistas / tomar Yo / conocer El viaje / parecer Marta / visitar

Cambien los verbos del presente al pretérito con las expresiones del tiempo: 1. Esta semana, Juan compra un boleto de pasaje por tren. 2. Yo acompaño a mi hermano a Puerto Rico este mes. 3. Hoy, el autobús sale para la excursión a Mérida a las dos. 4. Esta noche, mi familia y yo comemos en un restaurante mexicano. 5. Este verano, los estudiantes ganan dinero para viajar a Costa Rica y permanecen allí por dos semanas.

Traduzcan en español: 1. I spent three weeks in Peru last summer. 2. The flight lasted 6 hours and arrived at 8pm. 3. We took many pictures of many places of interest. 4. Juan and Carlos visited the Bullfight last week. 5. The train left from platform #6 yesterday. 6. My family returned on July 18th. 7. My friends and I rented a car and explored the cities on the trip. 8. I lost my round trip ticket. 9. We scaled the pyramids. 10. Anna accompanied me on the trip last month.

Preguntas para comunicar: 1. ¿Adónde viajaste el verano pasado? y ¿Cómo? 2. ¿Quién planeó el viaje? 3. ¿Cuándo llegaste a tu destino? 4. ¿Cuántos días te quedaste allí? 5. ¿Permaneciste en un hotel inclusivo? 6. ¿Quién te acompaño? 7. ¿De dónde salió tu vuelo? 8. ¿Qué hicieron Uds. en el pasaje? y ¿Dónde visitaste? ¿Sacaste muchas fotos? 9. ¿Compraste regalos para la familia o amigos? 10. ¿Escribiste una tarjeta postal? 11. ¿Cómo pasó la vacación? / ¿Cómo te pareció el viaje?