El Participio Pasivo y el Pretérito Perfecto Spanish 3 L-10 Page 118

Past Participle formation  For regular verbs the past particple is formed by:  replacing the –ar of the infinitve with –ado  Replacing the –er and –ir of the infinitive with -ido

A note:  The past participle is an adjective formed from a verb. As with ALL adjectives (versus verbs) the past participles agree with the noun they are describing in BOTH gender and number.

Irregular past participles  Abrir = abierto  Cubrir = cubierto  Decir = dicho  Escribir = escrito  Hacer = hecho  Morir = muerto  Poner = puesto  Romper = roto  Volver = vuelto  Ver = visto

The present perfect  This tense is formed by combining the present tense of haber and the past participle of a verb.  What this tense allows you to speak about is an action that HAD JUST FINISHED taking place. What is it that you have either done, or have not done? This is the tense of choice to tackle that situation…  When the past participle is used to form the present perfect tense, it is only used in its masculine (-o) singular form.

Hablar  He hablado  Has hablado  Ha hablado  Hemos hablado  Han hablado

Comer  He comido  Has comido  Ha comido  Hemos comido  Han comido

Vivir  He vivido  Has vivido  Ha vivido  Hemos vivido  Han vivido

Compound verbs  They keep their same changes in this tense:  Decubrir = descubierto = discovered  Devolver = devuelto = returned  Posponer = pospuesto = postponed

Haber +  He hemos  Has  Ha han Past participle  Llorado  Tenido  Discutido  Abierto  Dicho  Just to give some examples….

Now do exercise 3 on page 119  It is only using the participle (NO haber)  1. sentados  2. escrito  3. Puestas  4. rota  5. tirados  6. abiertas  7. encendida

La proposición “a” When do you use it?  To express motion or destination  To express the direct object, when the direct object is a person  To express location/proximity in certain circumstances  To introduce rates/proportions  To introduce an infinitive after certain common verbs such as: ir a, venir a, empezar a, comenzar a

These are the prepositions we use the most…our chapter is only dealing with “a” PrepositionTranslation a to, at, from, by, on, for, upon conwith, to de of, about, on, with, because of, by, at enin, on, at haciatowards, to, at about or around

1. Carlos iba a Lima. 2. Él subió al tren. 3. Llegó a la ciudad. 4. Su hotel estaba a la derecha de la estación del tren. 5. A la una almorzó. 6. Al terminar de comer, recorrió la ciudad a pie. 7. Compró un recuerdo a una señora en el mercado. 8. Mandó un postal a su novia. 9. Fue a dormir. 1. Carlos was going to Lima. 2. He got on the train. 3. He arrived in the city. 4. His hotel was to the right of the train station. 5. At one o’clock he had lunch. 6. Upon finishing eating, he went round the city on foot. 7. He bought a souvenir from a lady in the market. 8. He sent a postcard to his girlfriend. 9. He went to sleep.

Ex 9, page 123 ONLY put the “a” if needed…  1.a  2 XXXX  3 a  4 XXXX  5 a  6 a  7 a  8 XXXX  9 a  10 a  11 a  12 XXXX  13 a  14 a  15 a  16 a  17 XXXX  18 a  19 XXXX

DONE!  Enough for today…  Remember Quiz on L-10 on Friday  Also, Bring in 5 water bottles on Friday and you can earn a homework pass!!