El Pretérito (The Simple Past Tense)

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1 El Pretérito (The Simple Past Tense)
Una Guía Completa para los Verbos Regulares por Marnie Robey, LCHS Next

2 ¿Qué es el pretérito? - a verb tense that indicates an action in the past without reference to duration, continuance or repetition Next Next Examples in English Contínue…

3 Examples in English I did my homework. Sally walked the dog.
We ate dinner. Did you clean your room? Next

4 Recuerde usted – there are THREE kinds of verbs in Spanish…
-ir Next

5 Each kind of verb has its own conjugations, rules and regular and irregular forms.
Where do you want to start? -ar -er -ir Next Next Next

6 There are 3 sets of rules for REGULAR –ar verbs.
(Any verb that ends in –ar) There are 3 sets of rules for REGULAR –ar verbs. Next Rule #1 – The Endings Next Rule #2 – Stem Changes Next Rule #3 – Spelling Changes

7 There are 2 sets of rules for REGULAR –er verbs.
(Any verb that ends in –ir) There are 2 sets of rules for REGULAR –er verbs. Next Rule #1 – The Endings Next Rule #2 – Stem Changes

8 There are 2 sets of rules for REGULAR –ir verbs.
(Any verb that ends in –ir) There are 2 sets of rules for REGULAR –ir verbs. Next Rule #1 – The Endings Next Rule #2 – Stem Changes

9 -ar verbs Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -é -aste -ó Nosotros Vosotros Ellos
Rule #1 - Las Terminaciones Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -é -aste -ó Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes -amos -asteis -aron Next

10 -ar verbs This is your lucky day!
Rule #2 – Stem Changes This is your lucky day! You do NOT stem change –ar verbs in the preterite tense. Look at the difference between the present and preterite tenses of the verb despertarse. Next

11 -ar verbs -car (tocar, practicar…) -gar (pagar, jugar…)
Rule #3 – Spelling Changes For certain verbs, we have to change the spelling in order to preserve the sound of the infinitive (the non-conjugated verb). Those verbs end in… -car (tocar, practicar…) -gar (pagar, jugar…) -zar (almorzar, comenzar…) Next

12 Conjugate esquiar = to ski
-ar verbs Practice Example Conjugate esquiar = to ski Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes esquiamos esquiasteis esquiaron Yo Tú Él Ella Usted esquié esquiaste esquió Next

13 -ar verbs El Presente El Pretérito Me despierto nos despertamos
Compare present and preterite El Presente El Pretérito Me despierto nos despertamos Te despiertas os despertáis Se despierta se despiertan Me desperté nos despertamos Te despertaste os despertasteis Se despertó se despertaron Next

14 The change occurs ONLY in the first person singular form – the “yo”.
-ar verbs Spelling Changes The change occurs ONLY in the first person singular form – the “yo”. -car -qu -gar -gu -c -zar Next

15 -ar verbs -car -gar -zar toqué practiqué saqué jugué llegué pagué
Examples of spelling changes -car -gar -zar toqué practiqué saqué jugué llegué pagué almorcé empecé comencé Next

16 -ar verbs Now! Let’s see what you learned about –ar verbs in the preterite… Next

17 -ar verbs hablar – yo cantar – tú comenzar – yo acostarse – ellos
Quiz yourself – on a scrap piece of paper, write the correct forms of the following verbs. hablar – yo cantar – tú comenzar – yo acostarse – ellos probarse - Juan Next

18 EXCELENTE Let’s move on to –er verbs. Next

19 -er verbs Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -í -iste -ió Nosotros Vosotros Ellos
Rule #1 – Las Terminaciones Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -í -iste -ió Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes -imos -isteis -ieron Next

20 -er verbs Rule #2 – Stem Changes Happy Days!! You do not have to stem change REGULAR –er verbs in the preterite tense. Look at another comparison… Next

21 Conjugate comer = to eat
-er verbs Practice example Conjugate comer = to eat Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes comimos comisteis comieron Yo Tú Él Ella Usted comí comiste comió Next

22 -er verbs El Presente El Pretérito Now – let’s see what you learned…
Compare present and preterite El Presente El Pretérito entiendo entendemos entiendes entendéis entiende entienden entendí entendimos entendiste entendisteis entendió entendieron Now – let’s see what you learned… Next

23 -er verbs beber, yo comprender, tú entender, ellos
Quiz yourself – on a scrap piece of paper, write the correct forms of the following verbs. beber, yo comprender, tú entender, ellos Next

24 MARAVILLOSA Let’s move on to –ir verbs. Next

25 -ir verbs Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -í -iste -ió Nosotros Vosotros Ellos
Rule #1 – Las Terminaciones THEY ARE THE SAME AS –ER!! Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -í -iste -ió Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes -imos -isteis -ieron Next Next See an example Move on

26 -ir verbs Rule #2 – Stem Changes -ir verbs are a little more complicados. If a verb is a stem changing verb in the present tense, then it is a stem changing verb in the preterite. Referring back to our “shoe” analogy – the verb becomes a SOLE verb in the preterite. Next I need more explanation. Next I understand, move on.

27 Conjugate vivir = to live
-ir verbs Practice Example Conjugate vivir = to live Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes vivimos vivisteis vivieron Yo Tú Él Ella Usted viví viviste vivió Next

28 -ir verbs El Presente El Pretérito yo nosotros tú vosotros
Let’s compare shoes… El Presente El Pretérito yo nosotros tú vosotros ell, ella, ellos, ellas usted ustedes yo nosotros tú vosotros él, ella, ellos, ellas usted ustedes Next

29 In the SOLE or the third person forms, the following changes occur…
-ir verbs Stem Changes…continued In the SOLE or the third person forms, the following changes occur… e o i u Next

30 -ir verbs preferir – to prefer morir – to die prefirió prefirieron
Look at SOLE verbs in action preferir – to prefer morir – to die preferí preferimos preferiste preferisteis prefirió prefirieron morí morimos moriste moristeis murió murieron Now – let’s see what you learned… Next

31 -ir verbs dormir, ella competir, yo vivir, él salir, ellos
Quiz yourself – on a scrap piece of paper, write the correct forms of the following verbs. dormir, ella competir, yo vivir, él salir, ellos Next

32 ESTUPENDO Y ahora, vamos a hacer una prueba… Next

33 ¿Cuánto recuerdas del pretérito?
UNA PRUEBA ¿Cuánto recuerdas del pretérito? Next

34 Las direcciones... Choose the correct form of the verb in the preterite tense. If you need help, select HINT. Next Re-read tutorial Next Begin

35 Nosotros (alquilar) un barco por todo el día.
alquilamos Next alquilemos Next Next HINT

36 CORRECTO Next

37 Qué lástima Lo siento, trátala otra vez. Next

38 Este mañana, yo (despertarse) a las seis.
Me desperté Next Me despierté Next Next HINT

39 Do NOT stem change –ar verbs in the preterite tense!!!!
HINT CARD Do NOT stem change –ar verbs in the preterite tense!!!! Next

40 HINT CARD Las terminaciones: -é -amos -aste -asteis -ó -aron Next

41 CORRECTO Next

42 Es incorrecto Lo siento, trátala otra vez. Next

43 Yo (buscar) el perro en el parque.
bucé Next busqué Next Next HINT

44 Incorrecto Remember, -car verbs have a spelling change in the “yo” form! Next

45 CORRECTO Let’s move on to –er verbs! Next

46 -car, -gar and –zar verbs have a spelling change in the “yo” form!
HINT CARD -car, -gar and –zar verbs have a spelling change in the “yo” form! c to qu g to gu z to c Next

47 Ellos (aprender) la lección del pretérito.
aprenderon Next aprendieron Next Next HINT

48 Ay de mí Recuerda las terminaciones! í, iste, ió, imos isteis, ieron
Next

49 Fantástico Next

50 HINT CARD -er endings í imos iste isteis ió ieron Next

51 Vosotros (entender) la maestra.
entendisteis Next entiendisteis Next Next HINT

52 Time to move on to –ir verbs!
Chévere Time to move on to –ir verbs! Next

53 Pobrecito Trátala otra vez. Next

54 Regular –er verbs DO NOT stem change in the preterite tense!!
HINT CARD Regular –er verbs DO NOT stem change in the preterite tense!! Next

55 Tú (vivir) cerca de tu abuela.
viviste Next vivaste Next Next HINT

56 Qué bueno más practica Next

57 Ay, caramba Trátala otra vez. Next

58 HINT CARD Recuerda –er and –ir verbs share the same endings in the preterite tense! Next

59 Ellos (preferir) Del Río más que la Casa Gonzales.
prefirieron Next preferieron Next Next HINT

60 Eres inteligente Great! You remembered that –ir shoe verbs are sole verbs in the preterite! Next

61 Ay chihuahua Remember SOLE verbs? Next

62 HINT CARD Stem changing –ir verbs in the present tense, become SOLE verbs in the preterite. The bottom two forms change e to i and o to u. Next

63 El gato (morirse) anoche.
se morió Next se murió Next Next HINT

64 Lo siento mucho SOLE verb! Next

65 Felicitaciones! You finished the quiz. On to the next challenge!
Arriba Felicitaciones! You finished the quiz. On to the next challenge! Next

66 HINT CARD Stem changing –ir verbs in the present tense, become SOLE verbs in the preterite. The bottom two forms change e to i and o to u. Next

67 Excelente, estudiante. You are almost halfway through learning about the preterite tense! Don’t get discouraged – it is one of the more difficult tenses to master. Next If you feel ready for the next challenge… Next Need more review?

68 The Challenge Step #1 Define the following verbs on a separate piece of paper. anunciar escoger beber encontrar probarse vestirse gastar ver recibir Next

69 The Challenge Step #2 Write an original story in the preterite tense. Please write it in the form of an letter to la Señora Robey. You must use all 9 verbs you defined. Buena suerte Next

70 mrobey@penk12.va.us El correo electrónico:
(When you send – hit the back button to return to this tutorial.) Next

71 FELICITACIONES You did it! Hope you had fun and learned something new at the same time! Start Over

72 -ar verbs hablé cantaste comencé se acostaron se probó How did you do?
Next

73 -er verbs How did you do? bebí comprendiste entendieron Next

74 -ir verbs How did you do? durmió competí vivió salieron Next