ESPAÑOL 2: REPASO- LOS ARTÍCULOS DEFINIDOS Y ADJETIVOS PREGUNTA ESENCIAL: HOW DO MAKE DEFINITE ARTICLES AND ADJECTIVES ARGREE WITH NOUNS?

CONNECT: The article, noun, adjective & verb have the same function in Spanish and English:  NOUN – A person place or thing  Ejemplo: Miguel, the library, el libro  ARTICLE - A word that introduces a noun and refers to its specificity  A cat (indefinite)  The dog (definite)  ADJECTIVE – A word that describes the noun  Miguel is tall  The big library  VERB – An action / activity  Miguel runs everyday.  The students read at the library

GENDER In Spanish, all nouns are either feminine or masculine –Nouns that end in –o are usually masculine –Nouns that end in –a are usually feminine Refresco = masculine Pizza = feminine

AGREEMENT In Spanish, all articles and adjectives have to match the noun in both GENDER (masculine or feminine) and NUMBER (singular or plural)

DEFINITE ARTICLES Definite articles are the word “THE” in English, referring to something/ someone specific. MASCULINEFEMININE SINGULARel la PLURALlos las

DEFINITE ARTICLES EJEMPLO: MASCULINEFEMININE SINGULARel chico la chica PLURALlos chicos las chicas NOTE the endings of the nouns and articles match and change depending on GENDER & NUMBER

NOTA: In English, the adjectives usually come before the noun. –Ejemplo: The pretty woman. In Spanish, the adjectives come after the noun. – Ejemplo: La mujer bonita.

AGREEMENT: Adjectives match the gender and number of the nouns they describe –Remember that every noun is either masculine or feminine!!!

MASCULINE Singular:Plural: –El chico alto- Los chicos altos The tall boy- The tall boys

FEMININE SingularPlural –La chica alta- las chicas altas The tall girl- the tall girls

EXCEPTIONS Adjectives that end in –e match both genders –El maestro inteligente –La maestra inteligente

EXCEPTIONS Many adjectives that end in a consonant match both genders –El amigo joven –La amiga joven

EXCEPTIONS Some adjectives that end in a consonant add –a to form the feminine singular. –¡Lo siento! You just have to memorize them El chico trabajador La chica trabajadora

PLURALIZE! To make an adjective plural, add –s if it ends in a vowel Add –es if it ends in a consonant –Las chicas trabajadoras –Los chicos trabajadores

PRÁCTICA Athletic : feminine/ singular Tall: masculine/ plural Intelligent: feminine /singular Intelligent: feminine/ plural Short: masculine/ plural Atlética Altos Inteligente Inteligentes Bajos

PRÁCTICA Write in Spanish: –Sally is artistic –Mr. Smith is a little handsome. –Rafael is very funny. –You (masculine) are serious. –EXTRA! – The tall girl likes to study. Sally es artística. Señor Smith es un poco guapo. Rafael es muy cómico. Tú eres muy serio. (or seria) A la chica alta le gusta estudiar.