LOS VERBOS IRREGULARES Pregunta escencial: How do I conjugate irregular verbs in the present tense?

To conjugate regular –AR verbs ◦Yo-o-amosnostoros ◦Tú-as-áisvosotros ◦Él/ella/-a-an ellos/ellas/ Usted ustedes

To conjugate regular –ER verbs -o-emos -es-éis -e-en

To conjugate regular –IR verbs -o-imos -es-ís -e-en

The irregulars! ◦The following verbs irregular and have unique conjugated forms: (Most are ‘yo-go’ verbs) ◦Decir – to say/tell ◦Dar – to give ◦Ir – to go ◦Poner – to put/place/set ◦Hacer – to do/make ◦Salir – to leave ◦Traer – to bring ◦Venir – to come

DECIR – to say / to tell ◦Decir has several irregular forms; only vosotros & nosotros is regular digodecimos dicesdecís dicedicen

Venir – to come ◦Venir is also a ‘yo-go’ verb and has a stem-change in the 2 nd and 3 rd person forms (cousins with ‘tener’) vengo venimos vienes venís viene vienen

And finally…. ◦These are irregular ONLY in the ‘yo’ form ◦Dar – Yo doy (I give) ◦Poner – Yo pongo (I put) ◦Hacer – Yo hago (I do/ I make) ◦Salir – Yo salgo (I leave) ◦Traer – Yo traigo (I bring)

¡Pruébalo! (Try it!) ◦Dar – ‘yo go’ damos dasdáis dadan doy

¡Pruébalo! (Try it!) ◦Poner – ‘yo go’ ponemos ponesponéis pone ponen pongo

¡Pruébalo! (Try it!) ◦Salir– ‘yo go’ / -ir verb salimos salessalís salesalen salgo

¡Pruébalo! (Try it!) ◦Traer – ‘yo go’ / -er verb traemos traestra éis trae traen traigo

What is a stem-changing verb? ◦Verbs that have a change in the stem ◦Stem-changing verbs have regular -ar, -er, and -ir present tense endings ◦For e  ie stem-changing verbs, the e of the stem changes to ie in all forms except nosotros and vosotros ◦We also call these “boot” verbs. Can you guess why they are called that?

E  IE Stem-changers ◦An e  ie stem changers mean that the e in the middle of the verb changes when it is conjugated in the singular and third person plural tenses. (the boot!) ◦¡Lo siento! You just have to memorize which ones are stem changers.

Entender – to understand entiendo entiendes entiende entendemos entendéis entienden

Pensar – to think/to plan Yo pienso Tú piensas Él piensa Ella piensa Usted piensa Nosotros pensamos Vosotros pensáis Ellos piensan Ellas piensan Ustedes piensan

Preferir – to prefer Yo prefiero Tú prefieres Él prefiere Ella prefiere Usted prefiere Nosotros preferimos Vosotros preferís Ellos prefieren Ellas prefieren Ustedes prefieren

Querer – to want Yo quiero Tú quieres Él quiere Ella quiere Usted quiere Nosotros queremos Vosotros queréis Ellos quieren Ellas quieren Ustedes quieren

Tener – to have tengo tienes tiene tenemos tenéis tienen *** Venir & Tener are cousins and are conjugated the same, except the first letter***

Other e  ie verbs ◦The other e  ie verbs: ◦Cerrar- to close ◦Comenzar- to start ◦Despertarse- to wake up ◦Encender – to turn on ◦Empezar – to begin/ start ◦Perder- to lose ◦Recomendar- to recommend

O  UE Stem-changers ◦An o  ue stem changers mean that the o in the middle of the verb changes when it is conjugated in the singular and third person plural tenses. (the boot!)

Poder- to be able PuedoPodemos Puedes Podéis PuedePueden

Other o  ue verbs ◦Acostarse- to go to bed, to lay down ◦Almorzar- to eat lunch ◦Costar- to cost ◦Doler- to hurt ◦Dormir – to sleep ◦Encontrar- to find ◦Envolver- to wrap ◦Probar- to try ◦Volver- to return

E  I Stem-changers ◦An e  i stem changers mean that the e in the middle of the verb changes when it is conjugated in the singular and third person plural tenses. (the boot!)

Servir- to serve SirvoServimos Sirves Servís Sirve Sirven

Other e  i verbs ◦Competir – to compete ◦Pedir- to order, to ask ◦Seguir- to continue, to follow ◦Vestirse- to dress oneself

U  UE Stem- changer ◦An u  ue stem- changer mean that the u in the middle of the verb changes when it is conjugated in the singular and third person plural tenses. (the boot!) ◦Jugar is the ONLY verb that stem changes u  ue

Jugar - to serve JuegoJugamos Juegas Jugaís JuegaJuegan

Práctica ◦Translate: 1.They order 2.She plays 3.I eat 4.You (familiar) can 5. We understand 6.Martín and Carla want Ellos Piden Ella juega Yo almuerzo Tú puedes Nosotros entendemos Martín y Carla quieren