Martes catorce de octubre de 2014 Objetivo: Objetivo: Understand the formation of the preterite and imperfect tense

Hola! Today your work in Spanish is COMPLETELY INDEPENDENT

You need read through the slides to understand what you are doing today

Conjugation is breaking a verb (ending ar, er, ir) down to its different persons and tenses. Verbs ending ar, er, ir are also known as infinitives. Example: We are going to break three verbs down to its different persons in the present tense Yo (I) habl o com o viv o Tu (You singular)habl as com es viv es El (He, she, it)habl a com e viv e Nosotros (We)habl amos com emos viv imos Vosotros (You plural)habl aís com éis viv éis Ellos (They)habl an com en viv en Persons (Also known as Pronouns) Habl ar Com er Viv ir The verbs ending ar, er, ir have changed its ending to refer to other persons ( I, you, he, she, we, you(plural), and they. THIS IS CONJUGATION Copy this definition in your exercise book

THE PRETERIT

The Preterite tense is used for… When the action has a definite beginning and end Completed actions in the past.

Regular vs Irregular verbs IRREGULAR VERBS:. These verbs ending (ar er ir) change not only the ending but also the start of the verb. For example when the verb tener (to have) changes to tuve (I had). REGULAR VERBS : These are verbs ending (ar er ir) where the only change is in the ending. For example when the verb hablar (to speak) changes to hablé (I spoke)

To form the preterit tense in Spanish using REGULAR VERBS you need to follow these steps…

PRETERIT TENSE STEP 1 Find the infinitive of the verb being done eg: to use – Usar

Usar – To use Usar

PRETERIT TENSE STEP 2 Take off the 2-letter ending (ar)

Usar – TO USE Usar X X X X X X

PRETERIT TENSE STEP 3 Add one of the following endings for ar verbs like jugar, hablar etc…….

‘AR’ VERBS example - Usar (To use) Usar X X X X X X aste amos ó a stéis é aron

PRETERIT TENSE STEP 3 Add one of the following endings for er and ir verbs like comer, vivir etc…….

‘ER’ ‘IR’ VERBS example: comer y vivir Comer X X X X X X iste imos ió i stéis í ieron

aste amos ó a stéis é aron iste imos ió i stéis í ieron ‘AR ‘VERBS endings ‘ER, IR ‘VERBS endings COPY THIS TABLE IN YOUR EXERCISE BOOK

Conjugate this verbs in the preterit 1.Ellos sacar (They took) Ellos sacaron 2. Nosotros volver (We returned) Nosotros volvimos 3. El comprar (He bought) El compró 4. Tu llegar (You arrived) Tu llegaste 5. Vosotros trabajar (You worked) Vosotros trabajastéis USE THE TABLE OF ENDINGS IN YOUR BOOK TO HELP YOU

To form the preterit tense in Spanish using IRREGULAR VERBS you need to know that:

1.Irregular verbs do not have their ending with an accent 2.The only way of knowing how to conjugate them is by memorizing I DO NOT EXPECT YOU TO MEMORIZE THEM BUT YOU NEED TO BE FAMILIAR WITH THEM. IRREGULAR VERBS In the next two slides you will have a list of them and their conjugations Glue this sheet in your exercise sheet and read them

Irregular Preterites (I, you(s), he/she/it, we, you(pl), they) Andar (to walk) anduve, anduviste, anduvo, anduvimos, anduvisteis, anduvieron Caber (to fit) cupe, cupiste, cupo, cupimos, cupisteis, cupieron Dar (to give) di, diste, dio, dimos, disteis, dieron Decir (to say) dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijisteis, dijeron Estar (to be) estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron Haber (to have) hube, hubiste, hubo, hubimos, hubisteis, hubieron Hacer (to do) hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicisteis, hicieron Ir (to go) fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron Poder (to be able) pude, pudiste, pudo, pudimos, pudisteis, pudieron

Irregular Preterites (I, you(s), he/she/it, we, you(pl), they) Poner (to put) puse, pusiste, puso, pusimos, pusisteis, pusieron Producir (to produce) produje, produjiste, produjo, produjimos, produjisteis, produjeron Querer (to want) quise, quisiste, quiso, quisimos, quisisteis, quisieron Saber (to know) supe, supiste, supo, supimos, supisteis, supieron Ser (to be) fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron Tener (to have) tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, tuvisteis, tuvieron Traer (to bring) traje, trajiste, trajo, trajimos, trajisteis, trajeron Venir (to come) vine, viniste, vino, vinimos, vinisteis, vinieron Ver (to see) vi, viste, vio, vimos, visteis, vieron

THE IMPERFECT

The Imperfect tense is used for… It also describes places, objects, people, time and the weather in the past. Things we did regularly in the past or where we do not know the beginning and the end of the action ( incomplete action ).

Regular vs Irregular verbs The are similar to the preterit IRREGULAR VERBS:. These verbs ending (ar er ir) change not only the ending but also the start of the verb. For example when the verb ver (to see) changes to veía (I used to see). REGULAR VERBS : These are verbs ending (ar er ir) where the only change is in the ending. For example when the verb cantar (to sing) changes to cantaba (I used to sing)

To form the IMPERFECT tense in Spanish using REGULAR VERBS you need to follow these steps…

IMPERFECT TENSE STEP 1 Find the infinitive of the verb being done eg: to use – Usar

Usar

IMPERFECT TENSE STEP 2 Take off the 2-letter ending (ar)

Usar X X X X X X

PRETERIT TENSE STEP 3 Add one of the following endings for ar verbs like jugar, hablar etc…….

‘AR’ VERBS example - Usar (To use) Usar X X X X X X abas abamos aba a baís aba aban

PRETERIT TENSE STEP 3 Add one of the following endings for er and ir verbs like comer, vivir etc…….

‘ER’ ‘IR’ VERBS example: comer y vivir Comer X X X X X X ías íamos ía íais ía ian

‘AR ‘VERBS endings ‘ER, IR ‘VERBS endings COPY THIS TABLE IN YOUR EXERCISE BOOK abas abamos aba a baís aba aban ías íamos ía íais ía ian

Conjugate this verbs in the imperfect tense 1.Ellos hablar (They used to talk) Ellos hablaban 2. Nosotros vivir (We used to live) Nosotros vivíamos 3. El escribir (He used to write ) El escribía 4. Tu aprender (You used to learn) Tu aprendías 5. Vosotros saltar (You used to jump) Vosotros saltabaís USE THE TABLE OF ENDINGS IN YOUR BOOK TO HELP YOU

To form the preterit tense in Spanish using IRREGULAR VERBS you need to know that:

1.The bad news is that there are irregular verbs in the imperfect tense 2.The good news is that there are only three The list of the irregular verbs is in the next slide IRREGULAR VERBS YOU DON’T NEED TO MEMORIZE THEM BUT YOU NEED TO BE FAMILIAR WITH THEM

ALGUNOS IRREGULARES… SER (To be) ERAERASERAÉRAMOSERAISERAN IR (To go) IBA IBAS IBA ÍBAMOS IBAIS IBAN VER (To see) VEÍA VEÍAS VEÍA VEÍAMOS VEÍAIS VEÍAN

The following exercises are homework which you can access on www. señorrecalde.weebly.com

To complete this activity you don’t need to know what every word means.

PRÁCTICA 1- The preterit 1.Ayer compré un coche nuevo para mi hermano (comprar). 2.Mi hermana fue al cine con sus amigas (ir). 3.Mis padres estuvieron en Barcelona el verano pasado (estar). 4.Pedro escribió una carta a María (escribir). 5.Yo trabajé el fin de semana en el supermercado(trabajar). 6.Tú leíste un libro y yo leí una revista (leer). 7.Antonio no hizo los deberes anoche (hacer). 8.Juan tuvo mucha suerte con los exámenes (tener). 9.Los profesores fueron muy estrictos con los alumnos (ser). 10.Mi familia y yo comimos en un restaurante muy caro (comer) Yesterday I bought a new car for my brother. (to buy) My sister went to the cinema with her friends (to go) My parents were in Barcelona last summer(to be). Pedro wrote a letter to Maria(to write). I worked in a supermarket at the weekend (to work). Antonio didn’t do his homework last night (to do). Juan had a lot of luck with exams (to have). You read a book and I read a magazine (to read). The teachers were very strict with the pupils (to be ). My family and I ate in a very expensive restaurant (to eat)

PRÁCTICA 2 – The imperfect 1.Mi madre hablaba por teléfono con mi tía (hablar). 2.Yo comía mucho chocolate antes (comer). 3.Mis padres vivían en Madrid hace 3 meses (vivir). 4.Juan y tú estabais de vacaciones en Málaga (estar). 5. Mi hermano cantaba para un grupo de Pop(cantar). 6. Yo bailaba en la discoteca todos los sábados (bailar) 7. Mis hermanos jugaban al rugby juntos (jugar). 8. Nosotros estudiábamos mucho (estudiar). 9. Mi profesora de italiano hablaba muy claro (hablar). 10. Yo escribía muchas cartas a mi amigo José (escribir). My mother used to talk on the phone with my untie (To talk) I used to eat with a lot of chocolate before. (to eat) My parents used to live in Madrid three months ago (to live) Juan and you were on holiday in Malaga (to be). My brothers used to play rugby together (to play) I used to dance at the disco every Saturday (to dance) My brothers used to play rugby together (to play) We used to study a lot ( to study) My Italian teacher used to talk very clear. (to talk) I used to write a lot of letters to my friends (to write).

PRÁCTICA 3 Translate and conjugate Imperfect or preterit 1. I was playing rugby when John arrived. Jugaba al rugby cuando llegó Juan. Jugaba al rugby cuando llegó Juan. 2. I spoke to Tom whilst watching TV. Hablé con Tom mientras veía la televisión. Hablé con Tom mientras veía la televisión. 3. I ate and drank all day. Comí y bebí todo el día. Comí y bebí todo el día. 4. I was having breakfast when the phone rang. Desayunaba cuando el telefonó sonó. Desayunaba cuando el telefonó sonó. 5. I saw María and I told her you were on holiday. Vi a María y le dije que estabas de vacaciones. Vi a María y le dije que estabas de vacaciones.