El Subjuntivo La formación. ¿ Recuerdan Uds.? Remember how to form negative tú commands? The subjunctive is formed the same way. Follow these steps: 1.

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Part 1 de 2 (Es un repaso de Español)
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El Subjuntivo La formación

¿ Recuerdan Uds.? Remember how to form negative tú commands? The subjunctive is formed the same way. Follow these steps: 1. Take the “yo” form in the present tense. 2. Drop the “-o.” 3. Add opposite endings. * For –ar verbs add -e, -es, -e, -emos, -éis, -en * For –er/-ir verbs add –a, -as, -a, -amos, - áis, -an ** Notice the yo and él, ella, Ud. forms have the same ending in the subjunctive.** ** You use these endings when you want to express your opinion or point of view.**

El presente subjuntivo -ar hablar -er comer -ir escribir Yohablecomaescriba Túhablescomasescribas Él, ella, Ud.hablecomaescriba Nosotroshablemoscomamosescribamos Vosotroshabléiscomáisescribáis Ellos,ellas, Uds. hablencomanescriban

Práctica Recibir (yo) Reciclar (ella) Ver (nosotros) Correr (Uds.) Bailar (tú) Vender (Pepito) Preparar (mi familia) Abrir (ellos) Leer (yo) Reciba Recicle Veamos Corran Bailes Venda Prepare Abran Lea

El subjuntivo Remember that you have to change the spelling for some verbs to keep the pronunciation the same. Buscar = busque Pagar = pague Cruzar = cruce Recoger = recoja Dirigir = dirija Seguir = siga

Los irregulares de “yo” Verbs with yo forms that end in –go or -zco in the present indicative use the same irregular stem in the subjunctive. decir-digoconocer-conozco diga digamos conozca conozcamos digas digáis conozcas conozcáis diga digan conozca conozcan Try to congugate these verbs in your notebook: caer, hacer, oír, poner, salir, venir, tener, traer, ofrecer, reducir

Más irregulares en YO construir - construyo construyaconstruyamos construyasconstruyáis construyaconstruyan Otros verbos: influir

Práctica Mantener (yo) Ofrecer (ella) Destruir (nosotros) Oír (Uds.) Venir (tú) Tocar (Pepito) Llegar (mi familia) Almorzar (ellos) Escoger (yo) Mantenga Ofrezca Destruyamos Oigan Vengas Toque Llegue Almuercen Escoja

Los irregulares del presente subjuntivo (DISHES) darirsaberhaberestarser dévayasepahayaestésea desvayassepashayasestésseas dévayasepahayaestésea demosvayamossepamoshayamosestemosseamos deisvayáissepáishayáisestéisseáis denvayansepanhayanesténsean

First Class Stem-Changing Verbs in the Present Subjunctive When you use the present subjunctive of -ar and -er stem-changing verbs, remember to make the same changes as in the present indicative. cerrar-to closevolver-to return cierre cerremosvuelva volvamos cierres cerréisvuelvas volváis cierre cierrenvuelva vuelvan Now try to conjugate these verbs in your notebook: empezar, recomendar, contar, entender, poder, resolver.

Second Class Stem-Changers - IR Stem-Changers in the subjunctive -ir stem-changers change differently. e-ie verbs use the ie except in the nosotros and vosotros forms. They use i instead. Mentir-to lie mienta mintamos mientas mintáis mienta mientan Verbslikethis: sentir,divertirse,preferir o-ue verbs use the ue except for the nosotros and vosotros forms. They use u instead. Dormir-to sleep duerma durmamos duermas durmáis duerma duerman Verbs like this: morir

Third Class Stem-Changers There is one last group of –ir stem-changers, e-i. The stem changes from e-i in all forms in the subjunctive. Pedir-to ask for, to order pida pidamos pidas pidáis pida pidan Otros verbos como esto: servir-to serve competir-to compete despedirse-to say goodbye reírse-to laugh repetir-to repeat seguir-to follow, to continue sonreírse-to smile vestirse-to dress one’s self Choose three and try them in your notebook.

The Present Perfect Subjunctive You form the present perfect subjunctive the same way you form it in the present tense except you use the present subjunctive of the verb haber. Present subjunctive of haber + past participle Ejemplo: Haya llegado Hayas llegado Haya llegado hayamos llegado hayáis llegado hayan llegado

Como se usa el subjuntivo

Necesita: que 2 sujetos un verbo o expresión especial(W.E.D.D.I.N.G. o D.I.J.E.) Ejemplo: Mi madre quiere que yo estudie mucho.

La influencia o When the first verb in a sentence expresses a hope or a wish, you often put the second verb in the subjunctive. Yo quiero que tú hagas la tarea. (I want you to do your homework.)

Más - Influence and Indirect Commands The subjunctive is used to express a hope or wish, such as when you want someone else to do something as in the following examples: 1. El guía sugiere que visitemos el museo El Prado. 2. Ojalá que ustedes viajen a España algún día. Common verbs include: sugerir ojalá que insistir (en) querer desear necesitar esperar preferir

Práctica Deseo que tú __________ (visitar) a tus abuelos. Ella me aconseja que __________ (estudiar) español. Mis padres prefieren que mis hermanos y yo ____________(limpiar) nuestros cuartos cada fin de semana. Ellos nos mandan que __________ (volver) pronto. visites limpiemos volvamos estudie

¿Subjuntivo o Infinitivo? If there is no change of subject and no “que” the infinitive is used. oQuiero ver más de la ciudad. I want to see more of the city. (Same subject-yo ) o¿Deseas ir al museo el Prado también? Do you desire to go to the museum also? (same subject-tú)

A fact-el indicativo If there is no influence, and a fact is being told, use the present indicative.  Mi hermano me dice que él va a Puerto Rico. (fact)  Mi hermano me dice que yo no grite. (influence)

…limpiar el garaje Yo deseo que tú… Ella quiere… Me ruegas que… Mi abuela me dice que ella… Jorge me dice que yo… Le sugiero a María que… ¿Subjuntivo, Indicativo o Infinitivo? limpies limpiar limpie limpia limpie

Las expresiones impersonales T hese impersonal expressions are used to form subjunctive sentences. Es bueno que Es importante que Es lógico que Es malo que Es mejor que Es necesario que Es peligroso que Es posible que o Es probable que Es raro que Es ridículo que Es triste que Es una lástima que

Ejemplos Es posible que Ricardo coma cinco hamburguesas. It is possible that Ricardo eats five hamburgers. Es necesario que yo cocine bien. It is necessary that I cook well. Es importante que tú tomes medicina. It’s important that you take medicine. Es mejor que ellos hagan mucho ejercicio. It’s better that they do a lot of exercise. Es una lástima que yo tenga tanta tarea. It’s a pity that I have so much homework.

El infinitivo con las expresiones impersonales When the subject of the second verb is some unknown group, or refers to people in general, use an infinitive. Es bueno caminar con zapatos cómodos. (It’s good to walk with comfortable shoes.) Es importante ducharse todos los días. (It’s important to take a shower every day.)

Práctica Modelo: Es bueno que tú________ jugo. (beber) 1. Es bueno que Ricardo_________ mucho. (correr) 2. Es peligroso que ellos no __________medicina. (tomar) 3. Es malo ___________en la clase. (gritar) 4. Es lógico que tú _____________ mucho. (descansar) 5. Es una lástima que yo _____________ la gripe. (tener) 6. Es necesario ______________ el doctor. (visitar) 7. Es posible que el doctor ___________ sangre todos los días. (mirar) 8. Es bueno que tú _____________ la carta. (escribir) bebas corra tomen gritar descanses tenga visitar mire escribas

El subjuntivo con la duda (doubt and uncertainty) Remember that you use the subjunctive in the dependent clause after expressions of doubt and uncertainty: Dudar que Es dudoso que No es verdad que No creer/pensar/opinar que No es cierto que No es seguro que

Doubt and Uncertainty Normally, you don’t use the subjunctive after the following expressions of certainty, not doubt. No dudar que Es cierto que Es evidente que Es verdad que Es seguro que Creer/Pensar/Opinar que

Práctica Dudo que Uds. ____________ (practicar) los verbos. Creo que ellos _____________ (venir) hoy. No es cierto que nosotros ____________ (poder) ir al concierto. Es verdad que ella _____________ (llegar) a tiempo. practiquen vienen podamos llega

Las expresiones de emoción con el subjuntivo Remember that you use the subjunctive after expressions of emotion such as I’m happy or I’m sad. Alegrarse de que o Sentir que o Tener miedo de que

Los ejemplos con emociones Siento que no haga buen tiempo. (I’m sorry that the weather is not good). Me alegro de que ella no esté enferma. (I’m happy that she is not sick.)

Práctica Me alegro de que mis padres me _____________ (dar) un carro. Sientes que yo ____________ (caerse) de mi bicicleta. Ellos tienen miedo de que ____________ (haber) un examen hoy. Te enfadas que tus vecinos _____________ (gritar) mucho. den me caiga haya griten