El subjuntivo: Capítulo 12 Telling what may or may not happen.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

El subjuntivo: Capítulo 12 Telling what may or may not happen

What’s the difference? Indicative vs. Subjunctive José tiene el pelo largo. = fact (indicative) Él no fue a la peluquería ayer. = fact (indicative) Los padres de José no quieren que José tenga el pelo largo y esperan que él vaya a la peluquería. = not facts, only wishes and desires (subjunctive)

The subjunctive is used… 1) when there is a change in the subject from the main sentence to a dependent clause- Quiero que mis amigos vayan a la fiesta. 2) expressing wishes, desires, orders Sus padres insisten en que él haga la cama. (note- que is most often used to introduce a dependent clause)

How to form the present subjunctive To form the present subjunctive of regular verbs- Take the YO form of the verb and drop the “O” Then use the opposite endings as follows: -AR Yo mire Tú mires Él/ Ella/ Ud. mire Nosotros miremos Ellos/ Ellas/ Uds. miren

How to form the present subjunctive -ER Yo coma Tú comas Él/ Ella/ Ud. coma Nosotros comamos Ellos/ Ellas/ Uds. coman -IR Yo viva Tú vivas Él/ Ella/ Ud. viva Nosotros vivamos Ellos/ Ellas/ Uds. vivan

How to form the present subjunctive Irregular Yo forms: Yo salga Tú salgas Él/ Ella/ Ud. salga Nosotros salgamos Ellos/ Ellas/ Uds. salgan Irregular Yo forms: Yo conduzca Tú conduzcas Él/ Ella/ Ud. conduzca Nosotros conduzcamos Ellos/ Ellas/ Uds. conduzcan

Irregular Verbs in the Subjunctive Ser- Sea Seas Sea Seamos Sean Estar- Esté Estés Esté Estemos Estén

Irregular Verbs in the Subjunctive Ir- Vaya Vayas Vaya Vayamos Vayan Saber- Sepa Sepas Sepa Sepamos sepan

Irregular Verbs in the Subjunctive Dar- Dé Des Dé Demos Den

Words that indicate to use the subjunctive: Querer- to want, wish, (to love) Desear- to desire, wish Esperar- to hope Preferir- to prefer Mandar- to order Tener miedo de- to be afraid of Querer- to want, wish Insistir en- to insist

Ejemplos: 1. I want John to go with us. (I want that John go with us.) Quiero que Juan vaya con nosotros. 2. We are afraid that you are right. Tenemos miedo de que tengas razón. 3. She hopes that we arrive early. Ella espera que lleguemos temprano.

Subjunctive with impersonal expressions- Es imposible que… Es posible que… Es bueno que… Es mejor que… Es importante que… Es probable que… Es necesario que… Es fácil que… Es difícil que… It is impossible that… It is possible that… It is good that… It is better that… It is important that… It is probable that… It is necessary that… It is easy that… It is difficult/hard that..

Ejemplos: 1. It is impossible that she is here. Es imposible que ella esté aquí. 2. It is better that we listen to the teacher. Es mejor que escuchemos al maestro. 3. It is probable that you all will not hear me. Es probable que Uds. no me oigan. 4. It is necessary that you dice the onions. Es necesario que piques las cebollas.

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