español iv Sra. parellada Revisión español iv Sra. parellada
HABER Auxiliary verb There is / There are. We don’t conjugate it we just use: Present: hay Preterit: hubo Imperfect: había Future: habrá Hay que + infinitive (-ar, -er, -ir) to mean “we need to” or “it is necessary” or “we must”…
SER vs. ESTAR SER ESTAR To identify the subject*: followed by adjectives or nouns which gives a PERMANENT description, characteristics or attributes of the subject Followed by adjectives which express change from the norm, whether perceived or real To indicate where events take place To indicate when events take place: time, season, months… To indicate location of people and things Impersonal expressions: there is no subject (except there is or there are) With the preposition de: to indicate origin, possession or to tell what material something is made of With the preposition para: to tell for whom or for what something is intended With past participle + por to express de passive voice With progressive (-ndo form)
ADJECTIVES which change meaning SER ESTAR aburrido/a To be boring To be bored divertido/a To be funny To be amused listo/a To be clever To be ready vivo/a To be smart, lively To be alive bueno/a To be good, kind To be good (tasting), in good condition malo/a To be bad, evil To be in bad condition, ill, sick guapo/a To be handsome To look handsome bonito/a To be pretty To look pretty feo/a To be ugly To look ugly
Poco… Un poco de a little Es necesario un poco de ayuda para conservar el medio ambiente Poco / poca little Hay que salvar los bosques con poca contaminación Pocos / pocas a few (plural, countable) Pocas personas reciclan el plástico Pequeño / pequeña small (size) Un pequeño esfuerzo a corto plazo tiene consecuencias importantes a largo plazo