Tenses of the subjunctive

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Tenses of the subjunctive Present subjunctive Present perfect subjunctive Imperfect subjunctive

Present Subjunctive Go to the “yo” form of the verb Drop the “-o” Add the opposite endings ar: e, es, e, emos, éis, en er & -ir: a, as, a, amos, áis, an

Present Perfect Subjunctive You use this when you are talking in the present about something that happened in the past The independent clause is in the PRESENT TENSE The dependent clause (after the “que”) is in the PAST TENSE Ejemplos: Es una lástima que hayas perdido tu collar de oro. Es increíble que Colón haya descubierto el nuevo mundo in 1492.

Present Perfect Subjunctive composed of 2 parts - the present subjunctive of haber haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan 2. the past participle of another verb -ar: - ado hablar = hablado -er & -ir: -ido comer = comido vivir = vivido

Irregular past participles Abierto (abrir) Dicho (decir) Hecho (hacer) Puesto (poner) Escrito (escribir) Roto (romper) Visto (ver) Vuelto (volver) Cubierto (cubrir / descubrir) Muerto (morir) Resuelto (resolver)

Present Perfect Subjunctive (luchar) Es bueno que los esclavos hayan luchado por su libertad. (proteger) Es justo que el gobierno haya protegido sus derechos. (prohibir) Es bueno que la democracia haya prohibido la esclavitud

Imperfect Subjunctive (p. 192) You use the imperfect subjunctive when you are talking in the past about something that happened previously.

Imperfect Subjunctive (cont’d) Compare: Present Subjunctive “It’s too bad (right now) that he broke his leg and couldn’t compete” Es una lástima que se haya roto la pierna y que no haya podido competir. Imperfect Subjunctive “It was too bad (at the Olympics 4 years ago) that he broke his leg and couldn’t compete” Fue una lástima que se rompiera la pierna y que no pudiera competir.

Formation of the imperfect subjunctive Start with the “ellos/ellas” form of the preterit tense. Take off the “ron” Add the endings -ra -ramos -ras -ráis -ra -ran Endings are the same for –ar, -er-, & -ir The nosotros form will need an additional accent to preserve correct pronunciation

Ejemplos Caminar – caminaron – Conocer – conocieron caminara camináramos caminara caminarais caminara caminaran Conocer – conocieron conociera conociéramos conocieras conocierais conociera conocieran

Ejemplos vivir – vivieron viviera viviéramos vivieras vivierais viviera vivieran

Práctica I wanted my brother to meet Graciela. Yo _________________ que mi hermano ________________________ a Graciela. My parents insisted that I go to college. Mis padres __________________ que yo ____________________ a la universidad. She recommended that we order the tostones. Ella _________________ que __________________ los tostones.

Más Práctica con vocabulario de U3E3 The president ordered that the army arrive immediately. El presidente ____________ que el ejército _________________ inmediatamente. The governor suggested that we honor the memory of our ancestor with a parade. El gobernador ___________________ que __________________ la memoria de nuestros antepasados con un desfile.

Más Práctica The king wanted the government to build a lighthouse on the island. El rey _______________ que el gobierno __________________ un faro en la isla. The slaves demanded that the king give them their freedom. Los esclavos __________________ que el rey les ___________________ su libertad. We didn’t believe that the opressors would win the struggle. No __________________ que los opresores ___________________ la lucha.