El subjuntivo imperfecto y las frases ‘si’

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Transcripción de la presentación:

El subjuntivo imperfecto y las frases ‘si’

Objectives to be able to form and use the imperfect subjunctive To use si phrases with hypothetical statements and non-completed actions etc in the past

To recap … The subjunctive is NOT a tense, but an alternative form of the verb which has to be used in certain circumstances (look back at notes)

Tenses of the subjunctive Present Imperfect Perfect Pluperfect Es necesario que llegues pronto No quería que me dijera la verdad Espero que los alumnos hayan entendido Era importante que hubiera visto el informa Thus, the subjunctive tenses are used in the same way as the indicative tenses

Formation of the imperfect subjunctive 1) Take the 3rd person plural form in the preterite (ellos ) eg : hablaron 2) Knock off the ending to make the stem : habl 3) Add the imperfect subjunctive endings for the person required eg : (yo) hablara

Irregulars Any verb that has an irregular stem in the preterite has the same irregular form in the imperfect : Estuvieron estuv estuviera Fueron fu fuera Dieron di diera

Imperfect subjunctive : endings (1) hablar beber Vivir Hablara Bebiera Viviera Hablaras Bebieras Vivieras habláramos bebiéramos viviéramos Hablarais Bebierais vivierais hablaran bebieran viviera You can use either set of endings, they are interchangeable!

Imperfect subjunctive : endings (2) hablar beber Vivir Hablase Bebiese Viviese Hablases Bebieses Vivieses hablásemos bebiésemos viviésemos Hablaseis Bebieseis vivieseis hablasen bebiesen viviesen

Put the endings with the correct person : AR Yo Tú Él/ ella Nosotros Vosotros Ellos/ellas Ara Áramos Aras Aran arais

Put the endings with the correct person : ER & IR Yo Tú Él/ ella Nosotros Vosotros Ellos/ellas iera ieras ieran iéramos iereis

“Si” phrases : uses (1) ‘Si’ is used with … 1) an open possibility eg: Si ves a Carlos, dale mi recado 2) A statement of plain fact eg: Si estaba cansada, tomaba el autobús

“Si phrases” uses (2) 3) If the possibility of it happening is remote or hypothetical eg: Si tuviera cincuenta mil libras, compraría una casa en España 4) If the statement is contrary to what actually happened Si hubiera sabido la verdad, no habría salido con él

3) Using ‘Si’ with a remote possibility This is your first clause with ‘Si’ in it Si tuviera cincuenta mil libras, compraría una casa en España This is your main clause (on other side of comma

3) Using ‘Si’ with a remote possibility First verb = imperfect subjunctive Si tuviera cincuenta mil libras, compraría una casa en España Second verb : conditional

Traduzca las frases 1) Si tuvieras mil dólares, me comprarías un perro 2) Si mi madre llegara a tiempo, iríamos al restaurante más pronto 3) Si mi herman aprobara sus exámenes, sería profesora de inglés 4) Si fuera presidente de los Estados Unidos, cumpliría con el protocolo de Kioto 5) If I had a car, I would drive to school 6) If he drank beer, he would be drunk now

Si tuvieras que casarte con una de estas personas ¿con quién te casarías? ¿Por qué?

Si tuvieras que perder un miembro, ¿qué perderías?

Si tuvieras que escoger entre ser futbolista y cantante de rock famoso, ¿que escogerías?

Si fueras heroe de un dibujo animado, ¿qué sería tu poder especial?

4) Using ‘Si’ with a statement contrary to what happened This is your first clause with ‘Si’ in it Si hubiera sabido la verdad, no habría salido con él This is your main clause (on other side of comma

4) Using ‘Si’ with a statement contrary to what happened First verb = pluperfect subjunctive Si hubiera sabido la verdad, no habría salido con él Second verb : conditional perfect

Traduzca las frases 1) Si hubiera recibido el dinero, habría comprado mi madre un regalo 2) Si hubieran tenido un mejor profesor, habrían sido exitosos en sus exámenes 3) Si no hubiera escrito la carta, no se habría encontrado con su madre natal 4) No habrían visto la luna si no hubieran sido valientes. 5) If my dad had let me, I would have gone to the party 6) If I hadn’t have eaten the seafood, I wouldn’t have been ill

Plenary - Rincones Name the different tenses of the subjunctive Explain how you form the imperfect subjunctive Give 2 types of si phrases Give the other 2 Describe how you form hypothetical si phrases Describe how you form si phrases with completed actions contrary to what happened Give an example of a hypotetical si phrase Give an example of a unfulfilled action si phrase