Nouns and Adjectives Notes

What is a NOUN?

Nouns and Gender ALL nouns in Spanish are either MASCULINE OR FEMININE. Nouns that refer to males are masculine, those that refer to females are feminine. (EX: boy – chico is masculine) Most nouns that end in –o are masculine. (EX: chico , taco, dedo, sombrero) Most nouns that end in –a are feminine. (EX: puerta, mesa, blusa, bandera)

Making Nouns Plural If a noun or adjective ends in a VOWEL, add an –s to make it plural. (EX: taco – tacos / silla – sillas) If a noun or adjective ends in a CONSONANT, add an –es to make it plural. (EX: marcador – marcadores / reloj – relojes) If a noun or adjective ends in a –z, change the –z to –c and add –es. (EX: lápiz – lápices / nariz – narices)

Nouns and Numbers Nouns show number – if you are talking about one person/place/thing/idea, the noun is singular. If you are talking about more than one person/place/thing/idea, the noun is plural (it will end in an –s). (EX: book vs books – libro vs libros)

Definite Articles Singular Plural The definite article, the, is expressed four ways in Spanish to agree with the noun in NUMBER and GENDER Singular Plural Masculine el los Feminine la las Once there is a male in the group, the masculine plural is used!

What is an Adjective?

Adjectives Adjectives describe nouns. In Spanish, they must match the GENDER and NUMBER of the nouns they describe. (EX: El chico es guapo. Las chicas son guapas.) In Spanish, adjectives usually follow the noun. (EX: the pretty girl VS la chica guapa)

Adjectives and Gender Masculine adjectives often end in –o. El chico guapo Feminine adjectives often end in –a. La chica guapa Most adjectives that end with –e or a consonant refer to both genders. El chico paciente La chica paciente

Adjectives and Number Adjectives must agree in number with the nouns that they describe. Make adjectives plural the same way that you make nouns plural: if the adjective ends in a vowel, add –s, and if it ends in a consonant, add –es. (EX: los estudiantes inteligentes y estudiosos)

Common Adjectives: Alto – a Atrevido – a Bajo – a Desordenado – a Estudioso – a Gracioso – a Guapo – a Impaciente Inteligente Ordenado – a Reservado – a Sociable Viejo - a

Inténtalo: Carla __________ (cute) Los chicos __________ (short) El profesor __________ (intelligent) La profesora __________ (intelligent) Betty White __________ (old) Abraham Lincoln __________ (tall) El estudiante __________ (funny) La estudiante __________ (funny) Los estudiantes __________ (funny) Maria __________ (social)

¿Cómo es/son?

¿Cómo es/son?

¿Cómo es/son?

¿Cómo es/son?

¿Cómo es/son?

¿Cómo es/son?

PAP

Usa un adjetivo para descrir lo siguiente (oración completa): Tu mejor amigo: Tus padres: La casa de tus sueños: Tu escuela: Tu maestra de español (be nice!):