PERMEABILIDAD, FUNCIONAMIENTO MANGUERA PARA GAS L.P. PERMEABILIDAD, FUNCIONAMIENTO Y OPERACION Opening slide Agosto del 2009

GATES DE MEXICO, S.A. DE C.V. 51 años Creciendo con México 4 plantas de Manufactura 5 Centros de Distribución 1,400 Asociados Certificación ISO/TS16942 Certificación ISO 14000 Certificación OHSA 1800 Líneas Industrial y Automotriz

MANGUERAS INDUSTRIALES POR APLICACION: Aire Agua Productos Químicos Derivado del Petrolero Productos Alimenticios Diversos Materiales

MANGUERAS Y ACCESORIOS PARA GAS

MANGUERA 20 BHB PARA GAS LP Diámetros disponibles: ½” Carretes hasta 130 MTS ¾” Tramos 60.96 MTS 1” Tramos 45.72 MTS Tramos 60.96 MTS 1 ¼” Tramos 15.24 MTS 1 ½” Tramos 15.24 MTS 2” Tramos 15.24 MTS ESTANDARES: UL-21 NMX-X-029/1-SCFI-2005

EMPAQUE DE MANGUERAS 20BHB CARRETE DE MADERA ½”, ¾”, 1” DONAS 1-1/4”, 1-1/2”, 2”

CONSTRUCCION 20BHB COMPONENTES ESENCIALES TUBO CUBIERTA REFUERZO Tipo A, Neopreno, Alta resistencia a la abrasión Tipo C2 (nitrilo), Excelente resistencia a productos base Petróleo, baja permeación. REFUERZO Trenzado textil de doble pre-tratado

¡Las burbujas son el reflejo del desempeño de la MANGUERA! DATOS INTERESANTES La permeacion es un fenómeno normal del desempeño de una manguera. La permeacion se mide en base al volumen de gas desplazado, hacia el exterior, en un tiempo determinado. FLUJO DE GAS Presión interna ( Pi ) FLUJO DE GAS PEXTERNA El gas permeado a través del tubo y el refuerzo, al no tener ya suficiente presión para continuar su camino al exterior, se acumula entre el refuerzo y la cubierta. Se producen ampollas en la cubierta debido a la acumulación de gas en varias zonas de la manguera PINTERNA Pi>Pe FLUJO DE GAS ¡Las burbujas son el reflejo del desempeño de la MANGUERA!

ACEPTADO PINTERNA Cumple norma: UL-21 (ASTM D3902) Explosividad/ FLUJO DE GAS FLUJO DE GAS Transcurrido el tiempo, el gas acumulado en la ampolla provoca la ruptura de la misma. El refuerzo de la manguera queda al descubierto, señal de riesgo de la manguera. Las ampollas grandes pueden provocar altas concentraciones locales de gas que llegan a ser peligrosas Para evitar esto, la manguera debe tener la cubierta perforada, para permitir el paso del gas al exterior y evitar acumulación. Estas perforaciones permiten una permeacion segura en nuestras mangueras para gas LP. FLUJO DE GAS ACEPTADO Cumple norma: UL-21 (ASTM D3902) Explosividad/ Inflamabilidad: Nula

PRUEBAS DE LABORATORIO PRUEBA HIDROSTATICA A TODA LA PRODUCCION DE MANGUERA 20BHB PRUEBA DE PERMEABILIDAD POR LOTE PRUEBA DE DOBLADO REPETIDO

VENTAJAS SEGURIDAD Hule de baja permeabilidad. Norma 560, Gates 150 cm3-m/Hr. Resultado mayor confianza en el desempeño de la manguera. No se requiere de sellador para el ensamble con la conexión, evitando con esto, la degradación del polímero. Menor tiempo de elaboración del ensamble. Cubierta más gruesa (4%). Mejor protección y mayor tiempo de vida útil.

VENTAJAS Permeabilidad baja. No se colapsa en la unión con el niple del carrete. Cubierta de mayor duración. Ensamble seguro con la conexión. No se requiere usar sellador. Excede requerimientos de UL

Solución a Problemas Hose & Coupling Failures Coupling Fabrication Troubleshooting Solución a Problemas Hose & Coupling Failures Coupling Fabrication Errors

Solución a Problemas Abrasión en Cubierta Ruteo Protección de la cubierta Problem: Part of the hose cover has been removed, exposing the hose reinforcement. This may be caused by continuous rubbing against equipment components, other hose or objects in the operating environment. Cover erosion may also be caused by non-compatible fluids such as toxic chemicals, acids, detergents and non-compatible hydraulic fluids. Exposed hose reinforcement is susceptible to rust and accelerated damage leading to failure. Solutions: Re-route hose. Bundle hose together that flex in the same direction. Clamps, bent tube couplings, nylon ties, spring guards and sleeving can be used to keep hose away from abrasion sources and exposure to non-compatible fluids. Protect hose. Nylon and urethane sleeving and spring guards can be used to protect the cover from abrasion. Gates now offers an abrasion resistant hose covers with far greater abrasion resistance than any standard rubber hose in the industry. Gates MegaTuff and XtraTuff hose was developed to solve your toughest abrasion problems. MegaTuff has 300 times the abrasion resistance of standard hydraulic hose. XtraTuff has 25 times the abrasion resistance and has half the bend radius of standard hydraulic hose SAFE HYDRAULICS MANUAL - PAGE 9

Solución a Problemas Ruptura en cuerpo Manguera Picos de Presión Curvaturas cerradas Excesiva Flexión Enredarse o Aplastarse Problem: The hose has burst at some length away from the hose ends. This may be caused by excessive pressure surges, flexing, kinking, crushing or exceeding minimum bend radius. Pressure surges that exceed the hose’s maximum operating pressure rating may result in reinforcement failure. Excessive flexing, kinking and crushing causes reinforcement fatigue and eventual failure, i.e., flexing a metal paper clip back forth until it breaks. Bending the hose tighter than recommended will place excessive stress on the reinforcement, could open large gaps between strands of reinforcement and will severely reduce the hose’s ability to withstand pressure. Solution: Review/inspect your operating pressure. It may be necessary to use a pressure transducer to measure the magnitude of any pressure surges. Select a hose that has the proper working pressure rating to handle the maximum pressure (including surges) of your application. If your application has frequent pressure surges, you may want to consider a spiral wire-reinforcement hose rather than a braid-reinforced hose. Reroute hose to eliminate excessive flexing and/or exceeding the minimum recommended bend radius for the hose in use. Gates MegaSys hose products are designed to improve flexibility and perform at half the industry standard (SAE) minimum bend radius. This includes very high-pressure spiral-reinforced, wire-braid and low-pressure suction hose. SAFE HYDRAULICS MANUAL - PAGE 9

Solución a Problemas Zafado Conexiones Mal Crimpado Dados equivocados Mal Pelado Combinación errónea Manguera-Conector Problem: Coupling has separated and released from the hose. The most frequent cause of coupling “blow-off” is improper assembly such as: Under or over-crimping. Incorrect crimping dies. Improper skive (if applicable). Incorrect fitting/hose combination. Ferrule not engaged into the stem locking collar (if using two-piece coupling) Insufficient hose slack in routing will cause the hose to pull away from and release the coupling. Mixing various manufacturers’ hose and couplings may also reduce coupling retention. Solution: Examine and replace the hose assembly to ensure proper assembly to ensure proper assembly procedures are followed. Modify hose length and/or routing to accommodate potential hose length reduction under pressure. Never mix manufacturers’ hose couplings or crimpers. SAFE HYDRAULICS MANUAL - PAGE 11

Solución a Problemas Grietas en Mangueras Calor Ozono Ruteo Tamaño inadecuado de Manguera y/ó Tanque. Problem: Hose cover or tube has cracks and appears hardened. This is typically caused by exposure to excessive heat and/or ozone. Excessive heat can be created by: Routing near a heat source such as manifold. Using and undersized hose or reservoir. An increase of 18 degrees Fahrenheit above the maximum temperature may decrease hose life in half. Cracks can also be caused by flexing, especially at excessively low temperatures. Solution: Select a hose that meets the temperature and flow requirements of the application. Also, identify the heat source and consider re-routing it away from the source to minimize the heat’s effects. Examine reservoir size (if necessary). SAFE HYDRAULICS MANUAL - PAGE 12

Solución a Problemas Manguera Doblada Instalación Inadecuada Problem: Hose assembly is twisted. This is evident by a spiraling hose label and bends in two planes, as demonstrated in the photograph above. Twisting misaligns the reinforcement and reduces its ability to withstand pressure. Twisting a high-pressure hose 7 degrees may reduce the service life up to 90 percent. Solution: Replace and re-route the hose to ensure that bending occurs only in one plane. The use of bent tube or block style couplings and adapters may improve routing. Also, when installing the assembly, hold the backup hex to prevent it from turning and applying a twist. If male and female couplings are used on the same hose assembly, install the male (non-swivel) end first. SAFE HYDRAULICS MANUAL - PAGE 12

Solución a Problemas Tubo hinchado Incompatibilidad del Fluido Temperature excesiva Problem: The equipment has become sluggish and unresponsive. Cutting and evaluating the hose shows the hose tube is swollen and deteriorated and possibly washed out in sections. Fluid incompatibility is the likely cause. Many new fluids are now promoted as “environmentally friendly” but may not necessarily be compatible with the hose. Excess fluid temperatures can also cause the tube to bulge near the end of the coupling. Solution: Replace the hose using a tube material recommended for that particular fluid. SAFE HYDRAULICS MANUAL - PAGE 13

Solución a Problemas Ampollas en la Cubierta Incompatibiliad del Fluido Gases a Presión Manguera sin picado Problem: Blisters have formed on the hose cover. This can be caused by incompatible fluids that have permeated the hose tube and collected under the cover. Compressed gases can also permeate or effuse through the tube and become trapped under the cover. Trapped air in the hydraulic system can also cause blisters. Solution: Replace the hose with one that is recommended as compatible with the fluid being used. If it is compressed gas, the cover can also be perforated (pin-pricked) to allow the gas to pass through the cover. Textile hose covers also eliminate blistering. Bleed the system to eliminate any trapped air. SAFE HYDRAULICS MANUAL - PAGE 13

Solución a Problemas Manguera Aplastada Problem: Hose has been crushed. Flattened area has been caused by external forces (movement). Reinforcement is weakened and could burst. Also, the tube has collapsed restricting fluid flow. Solution: Determine source of damage. Re-routing or guarding may be necessary. Replace hose. SAFE HYDRAULICS MANUAL - PAGE 13

VENTAJAS COMPETITIVAS Entrega inmediata. Inventario suficientes en Centro de Distribución. Servicio Técnico de Ingeniería de Campo a nivel nacional. Más productos para sector gasero. Desarrollo nuevos productos OEM. Literatura en español

GRACIAS POR SU ATENCION MANGUERAS PARA TODA APLICACION GRACIAS POR SU ATENCION Ing. Juan Manuel Arellano Hose & Connector Line Manager (55) 2000 2713 ja1225@gates.com